Infographic: Driving The World’s Longest Roads

What do you consider a long drive? Many of us would say anything beyond a few hours; cross-country truck drivers and experienced overlanders might say a few days. But some routes make those trips look insignificant, with thousands upon thousands of miles of continuous highway stretching across a continent (or more).

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Traveling one of the longest roads on earth could make for a great adventure and a fun undertaking. On the other hand, you could look at these routes as the ultimate long-distance bug-out paths — when “getting out of Dodge” isn't enough, putting Dodge on the opposite side of the continent might do the trick.

Winter driving tips ice snow road safety 3

The following infographic from CarRentals shows the 7 longest roads on earth, as well as major landmarks, route length, and estimated travel time. Click here to download a full-size version of this graphic.

Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 1Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 2Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 3Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 4Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 5Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 6Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 7Infographic longest roads transportation vehicle car truck bugout travel 8


RECOILtv: Full-Auto vs. Semi-Auto

If you've spent time reading comments on social media lately, you've probably seen more than a few uninformed statements about the AR-15 platform. One common misconception relates to the differences between a full-auto weapon and a semi-auto weapon. There are many who conflate the two, leading to descriptions such as the infamous “full semi automatic”. Others wrongly believe making an AR full-auto is as simple as filing down the firing pin.

Recoiltv full auto friday ar15 sr16 guns rifle weapon 1

In order to dispel these myths and take a closer look at how a full-auto rifle really works, RECOIL‘s Iain Harrison met with Jack Leuba of Knight's Armament Co. The pair analyzed the mechanism and different parts that are present in an automatic KAC SR-16, especially the critical auto sear component. Without it, the gun would experience problematic hammer-follow and wouldn't operate in full-auto.

Recoiltv full auto friday ar15 sr16 guns rifle weapon 2

Check out the 3-minute video below, or head to RECOILtv for more episodes.


Review: Zero Tolerance 0462 Folding Knife

We've handled and carried a lot of knives over the years — flimsy entry-level folders we wouldn't think twice about losing, exotic custom blades we shudder to think about scratching, and countless examples in between. There's a virtually-unending supply of choices in the folding knife market, to the point that it can feel overwhelming at times. Although every buyer's budget and needs are different, we'd argue that there's a $200 to $300 sweet spot where build quality, materials, design, and value coalesce. Now, before you remind us about all the great knives outside that price bracket — and there are undoubtedly many of them — hear us out.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 18

In this $200 to $300 range, you're primarily going to find the upper end of the mass-produced knife spectrum, since mid-tech (i.e. partial custom) and full custom designs from well-known makers are generally more expensive. However, this range affords a high degree of precision and quality control. A sticky lockbar, loose pivot, or visual blemish that might be overlooked on a less expensive knife isn't acceptable at this point. Most knives in this bracket will also be made in the USA, constructed from durable high-end materials, and will exhibit some more aggressive design cues to stand out from the pack.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 17

There's substantial competition in this segment from big players such as Benchmade, Spyderco, and the subject of today's review, Zero Tolerance. In fact, ZT's folding knife offerings reside almost entirely in the $200 to $300 range. We've praised the company in the past for its painstaking attention to detail and outstanding fit and finish — we even toured the Oregon factory where it makes all its components and builds its knives. But it's been a while since we've tackled an in-depth review of a ZT knife, and the company's releases have seemed more evolutionary than revolutionary in recent years.

Zero Tolerance 0462

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 10

At SHOT Show earlier this year, we stopped by the booth shared by Zero Tolerance and its sister company Kershaw to see what new blades each had released. Kershaw had more than a dozen new knives to show off, mostly priced under $60, while ZT had just three new designs. Of the three, the one that caught our eye was the new 0462.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 16

The ZT 0462 bears a somewhat familiar shape to one of the company's previous folders: the 0460. Both knives were designed by Belarusian knife-maker Dmitry Sinkevich, and feature a similar curvature. We had tried out the 0460 in the past, but found its 7.5 inch overall length to feel rather small in the hand, partially due to its slender and lightweight handle.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 4

The first thing we noticed is that the new 0462 is about 15% larger than its predecessor. That may not sound like a lot, but it feels significant in person. Several other subtle adjustments have also been made to the design. MSRP for this knife is $300, placing it at the top of our “sweet spot” price range. Intrigued, we picked one up for a closer examination.

A Modern Handle

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 25

Dmitry Sinkevich has a very distinct design language, with a blend of sharp angles and organic curves. Many of his knives have been long and slim with a sharp piercing point — for example, the ZT 0450. Sinkevich also favors modern materials over traditional ones. The opening page of his web site states, “I give preference to high quality corrosion-resistant stainless steels, titanium, modern laminates: carbon fiber and G10.”

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 3

Like most Zero Tolerance knives, the 0462 starts with a titanium frame with integrated framelock. The lock bar is fitted with a bolted-on hardened steel insert to prevent galling, a form of microscopic wear that would otherwise occur between the hard steel blade and softer titanium lock surface. This insert is common on ZT knives, and in our experience it has an impressive ability to maintain secure lockup despite continuous hard use.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 2

The opposite side of the Zero Tolerance 0462 features a solid piece of lightweight carbon fiber, which has been machined and contoured almost as extensively as the titanium frame. Like the old 0460, this knife's carbon weave displays a subtle two-tone color scheme — this knife is accented with red, while the 0460 was accented with bronze. At more than 1/8 inch thick, this carbon fiber is sturdy enough to remain unsupported, so there's no metal frame beneath it. There is, however, a matte black backspacer that spans half the length of the handle.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 7v2

Sculpted caps on each side of the knife resemble a three-finned propeller, and they contain the KVT ball bearing pivot that lets the knife open and shut smoothly. Near the butt of the handle, a simple and slender deep-carry pocket clip is formed from stonewashed titanium. Unlike the 0460, the 0462's pocket clip is reversible for left-handed carry.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 34

An Ancient Blade Shape

Pressing the ridged flipper lever flicks the knife's 3.7-inch blade open, reaching a total length of 8.9 inches. There's no question that this is a long knife, though we'd hesitate to call it large given its narrow profile. The materials and aggressive grind keep weight to just 3.7 ounces — quite light for its size.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 37

The 0462's blade is composed of CPM 20CV, a steel categorized by Knife Informer as “Ultra Premium” alongside pricey options such as Bohler-Uddeholm Elmax. We'd call this a Persian-style blade profile, with an upward curvature and pointed tip that causes the overall shape of this knife to seem almost serpentine. The primary flat grind is similar to that of the smaller 0460, but the ZT logo isn't etched atop the grind on this knife. Also, a swedge has been ground into the spine, removing more steel to reduce weight and improve balance.

Our Impressions

As mentioned above, we can't help but notice this knife's resemblance to Persian fighting knives such as the peshkabz. Those ancient designs featured a similar downward-curved handle and upward-curved blade. Their purpose also seems to match that of Sinkevich's design: deep piercing from the sharp tip and powerful slashing cuts from the wide belly.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 33

Admittedly, you probably won't be piercing chain mail or slashing enemy combatants with this folding knife, but it's cool to see the historical influence applied to its design. We also appreciate some of the subtler visual touches, such as the sculpted pivot caps and the fine machining grooves on parts of the titanium handle. Compared to many of ZT's other designs that feel (to use the company's own words) bold and hefty, the 0462 seems slick and refined.

 

We have mixed feelings about the red-and-black two-tone carbon fiber. On one hand, it's aggressive and modern. On the other hand, we feel like those qualities detract from the knife's elegance. Even if we might have preferred a piece of stonewashed or black-anodized titanium in its place, the ancient-meets-futuristic styling comes through in this material choice.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 6

Beyond its appearance, the build quality of the Zero Tolerance 0462 doesn't disappoint. The flipper action is smooth, lockup is solid, and there's no flex or wiggle to be found anywhere on this knife. Actually, we'd go as far as saying we've yet to be disappointed with the build quality of any ZT knife we've used. They're consistently spot-on.

The 0462's blade slices beautifully, gliding through boxes and plastic packaging and shaving wood easily. Despite its aggressive shape, this knife is quite practical for everyday use, and its curved handle locks into the user's grip. However, we wouldn't complain if the blade were a bit shorter (but not quite as short as the 0460).

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 36

As for the steel, CPM 20CV is quickly becoming one of our favorites, and we're glad to see ZT adopting the material for its other new-for-2018 models, the 0393 and 0609. Edge retention is excellent, and its elevated chromium content resists corrosion. We'd place 20CV a solid step above the S35VN ZT has been using on most of its previous knives.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 20

Conclusions

Overall, the Zero Tolerance 0462 is a sleek, modern flipper with a nice nod to Persian blade designs of the past. Although the “cool factor” of this knife is high, we still prefer a basic drop-point folder for mundane every-day cutting tasks. That said, this knife remains surprisingly practical despite its aggressive profile. It improved upon the old 0460 with a larger and more comfortable handle, reversible pocket clip, better blade steel, and a few visual upgrades.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 12

As for the price, it's understandable that many will balk at spending $300 on a knife. But when you look at the materials, build quality, and sophistication of its design, it's hard to ignore that ZT gives you a lot for that money. We won't name names, but we've used $500 knives that don't feel this sturdy or smooth, and that's the sort of thing you won't learn from ogling Instagram photos. So, if you're willing to spend the money and you want a knife that's stylish yet capable, the 0462 is a good choice.

Zero Tolerance ZT 0462 folding knife edc review titanium carbon fiber Dmitry Sinkevich 13


BBC Future’s 5 Myths About First Aid

Medical care is an extremely complex subject, and this is why we rely on doctors who have spent years studying and practicing their skills. But in emergency situations, ordinary people with limited training can minimize injuries and save lives by applying some basic trauma care techniques. For example, the use of a tourniquet, CPR, or the Heimlich maneuver can greatly increase a patient's odds of survival until medical professionals arrive on the scene.

National stop the bleed day trauma medicine first aid tourniquet 1

Unfortunately, there are many misconceptions about emergency medical care that can cause bystanders with good intentions to fail to render effective treatment. In some cases, these misconceptions can actually lead to worse injuries or death. BBC Future recently published an article titled “Five Myths About First Aid” and debunked some misconceptions that can lead to ineffective first aid — click here to read the full article. We'll recap and share some additional resources from an American emergency preparedness perspective below.

1. Butter on a burn
We've never heard of this one before, so it may be more common in the UK. We can't imagine too many people still believe in this folk remedy, but the University of Arkansas still took time to address the myth on its web site. Butter belongs on toast, not your wounds (even if your wounds look like burnt toast).

2. CPR chest compressions can cause more harm than good
It's true that forceful chest compressions can lead to bruising and cracked ribs in rare cases. However, it's still better to take that chance than to lose a patient who might otherwise be saved. Even if injuries are caused by the treatment, Good Samaritan laws in the United States and many other countries will protect an individual who provides CPR in an emergency. To be safe, immediately call 911 and let the dispatcher know what's going on.

3. CPR requires compressions and mouth-to-mouth
“Hands-only CPR” is recommended by the American Heart Association for use on teens and adults. Some studies have even suggested that skipping the mouth-to-mouth portion of CPR may improve outcomes in certain cases, although rescue breaths are still required to effectively treat cardiac arrest in children, infants, or patients with respiratory failure.

4. Defibrillator uncertainty
AED stands for Automated External Defibrillator — note the word automated. The device will analyze the patient's condition and apply treatment as needed, so just follow the instructions and let it do the rest. There's no need to hesitate when using a public-access AED unit.

5. Tilting head for a nosebleed
Think about where the blood is going! By tilting a patient's head back, that blood can run down his or her throat. A New York Times article on the subject stated, “Tilting the head back can create complications… it risks choking, and it can cause blood to travel to the stomach, possibly leading to irritation and vomiting.” Instead, it's recommended to lean forward and pinch the nose shut until bleeding ceases.

Thanks to Andy Schrader for the tip about this article.


Video: Eating a 118-Year-Old Emergency Ration

“It smells so foul and… oh man! Nice!” — Most people wouldn't react with this level of joy after opening a practically-petrified tin of beef concentrate from the turn of the century, but YouTuber Steve1989 is not like most people. This MRE historian is dedicated to documenting and (often at great risk of illness) taste-testing military rations from throughout history and from countries all over the world. We can't fathom how strong his stomach must be, but it's impressive.

Steve1989 MRE 1899 British emergency ration food survival meal 2

The Second Boer War took place in South Africa between 1899 and 1902.

In years past, we wrote about Steve's taste tests of a 1953 Food Packet and a 1943 U.S. Army K Ration, but this latest video goes much further back in time. Steve managed to procure a British emergency ration from the Second Boer War — that places the ration's date of manufacture between 1899 and 1902. Back then, there was no convenient air-tight plastic packaging, so this ration was placed in a metal capsule that was soldered shut.

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Steve cautiously peels open the seams on the emergency ration, and examines its contents: 4 ounces of beef concentrate and 4 ounces of cocoa paste. This wasn't intended to be a full meal, only a survival calorie source for dire situations. Either way, the contents certainly didn't look (or smell) appetizing, and eating something this far out of date is clearly dangerous. But Steve digs in anyway.

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Check out the full video below for Steve's detailed impressions:


Infographic: 25 Ways to Learn Faster

Learning is at the core of preparedness — we've said many times that knowledge weighs nothing, so the more survival skills you can learn and master, the more ready you'll be when the time comes to put them to use. If you're serious about learning these skills, you'll need to study them like you're studying for the toughest test of your life, because survival might end up being just that.

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However, as you'll probably remember from your school days, studying usually isn't easy. It requires focus, determination, practice, and consistency. Fortunately, there are techniques that can be applied to make your studies easier, whether you're prepping for a trip into the wilderness, an urban disaster, or an important presentation at work.

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The following infographic from WriteMyPapers discusses 25 ways to learn faster, as supported by the findings of psychologists and neuroscientists. Some of these are rather obvious, like taking regular breaks, but others are more surprising. You might think doing yoga between study sessions is a little silly, but there's scientific evidence that indicates it improves memory and cognitive function. So next time you come back from a day in the backcountry, you'll have an excuse to meditate on the couch and eat a chocolate bar.

Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 2Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 3Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 4Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 5Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 6Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 7Infographic learn faster memory survival skills preparation study 8

Click here to download a full-size version of this graphic.


Primitive Technology: Round Hut Shelter

Shelter is always one of the top priorities in a survival situation, and if you don't have manmade protection against the elements, you'll need to improvise. A simple lean-to shelter provides a good short-term solution, but if you're going to be off the grid for an extended period, it's worthwhile to invest more time into a structure that's more spacious and durable.

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In his latest YouTube video, the host of Primitive Technology builds a round hut shelter from naturally-occurring materials in his surrounding rainforest environment. The A-frame shelter he previously built had been damaged by heavy rainfall and moths, so he starts from scratch with a larger cylindrical shelter and conical roof.

Primitive Technology round hut shelter jungle palm fronds mud fire 4

According to the video description, this round hut shelter consists of 12 wooden posts and an incredible 700 palm fronds split in half. The walls are constructed from Loya cane, a jungle vine, which is woven between the posts and covered in clay from the soil. A drainage ditch is also dug around the exterior of the shelter, providing a gutter for rain that runs off the thatched roof.

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Check out the video below and keep this technique in mind if you find yourself in need of a long-term survival shelter.


New: Aquaforno II “Kitchen in a Backpack”

Some in the outdoor community look down on so-called “glamping”, but we'd say this disdain is not always deserved. Admittedly, staying in a fancy tent a stone's throw away from your car doesn't really provide the same experience as hiking up a remote trail with all your gear on your back. However, this more laid-back form of camping provides a fun and relaxing way to get outdoors with the whole family.

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Another advantage to glamping is the ability to cook more advanced food. Rather than sticking to lightweight freeze-dried food and trail mix, you'll be able to grill, fry, saute, bake, roast, and even smoke your grub. That dutch oven and cast iron pan set would be exhausting to carry on a long backpacking trip, but they're perfect for a campground cookout with friends.

Aquaforno, a small family-run company from the UK, has released a new outdoor stove system that looks like it'd be just right for this sort of trip. The new Aquaforno II is an updated and improved version of the company's original stove, and it's currently receiving funding on IndieGoGo for a mass-production run.

Aquaforno II kitchen backpack outdoor stove oven grill cooking food fire 4

The Aquaforno II stove is a three-tier telescoping device that can compress down to fit in a backpack-style carrying case. The stove is said to function as a “BBQ grill, pizza oven, rotisserie, smoker, water boiler, clothes dryer and outdoor heater all in one”. Its tiers function as follows:

  1. Base with tripod legs, removable grill top, and water boiler with spigot.
  2. Raised grill for less direct heat application — toasting, warming, or frying with a pan or wok.
  3. Oven top — a large space for cooking meat, baking casseroles or pizza, heating a Dutch oven, or smoking.

Aquaforno II kitchen backpack outdoor stove oven grill cooking food fire 3

The Aquaforno II can be used with wood, charcoal, or gas (with optional gas burner). It includes a pizza stone, a double-lined insulated lid with integrated thermometer, and pop-out side hangers for drying out wet clothing or holding utensils. A rotisserie kit for roasting meat and a paella pan for cooking stews are also available as options. The entire system packs down to 12×17 inches and weighs 44 pounds.

For those who pre-order the Aquaforno II on IndieGoGo, the kit is available at $239 for black finish or $299 for stainless. Retail MSRP is expected to be $339 and $399, respectively. For more info, check out the Aquaforno II IndieGoGo project page.


Book Review: The Savage by Frank Bill

The Premise: Very rarely are novels reviewed in RECOIL OFFGRID, as this column is mostly reserved for books that delve into the how’s and what’s of surviving a variety of catastrophic situations. Post-apocalyptic fiction still offers teachable moments about survival and human nature during desperate times, though, so enter Frank Bill’s newest book, The Savage, a dark, dreary, gut punch of a novel that’ll leave readers wanting to hug their children, and be thankful for a house, job, and food on the table.

The story focuses on Van Dorn through the eyes of an omniscient point of view, allowing the reader to see, hear, and feel just enough of what’s going on to remain solidly in the dark until a spotlight is splashed in your eyes at just the right moment. We jump back and forth through a multiyear period, alternating between when he was a young teen full of petulance and disdain to a 20-something man, alone and fully engulfed in the desperate world his father warned him about.

Chock full of violence, both past and present, we see a hostile world through Van Dorn’s eyes, one of death, bloodshed, slavery, and ultimate despair.

The 411: In a word, The Savage is grim and will likely make people uneasy. Its choppy, staccato prose rat-tat-tats off of the page in fits and jerks with long stretches of vagueness pointed by sudden explosions of text, all of it purposefully jarring your ability to remain comfortable. Mixed with that is horrific imagery, presented in slow motion. When a man is shot point blank, “blood spewed like a blown head gasket,” and he meets survivors of this economic holocaust that have survived solely on “the meat of man, woman, and child.”

With elements of other popular dystopian novels at its base, like Cormac McCarthy’s The Road, — The Savage presents a not-so-distant future we want to remain fiction, but the book reads like it’s happening tomorrow. There’s no clever turns of phrase as with 1984 (“the clock strikes thirteen”) or languid, stretching prose that settles you into a well-paced and linear timeline like The Road. Bill holds neither punch nor gouge from the get-go and doesn’t let up until you close the book at the end.

Of course, for the reader to not completely lose every bit of hope of humanity in Van Dorn against “the savages,” which are nothing more than packs of murderous kidnappers to deal in skin and slavery — the plot curves into the realm of a romance between young Van Dorn and a girl he knows called Sheldon (whom we meet early on, while we’re still wondering if Van Dorn is someone worth rooting for).

The Verdict: In order for a book to earn a space on these pages, it usually must present itself as a tool for a life-after-disaster scenario. Though this is a novel, there are some gems of knowledge that can be gleaned from it. Bill succinctly describes the proper method of gutting a deer, for example, and his fight scenes show a writer who has researched methods, actions, and reactions.

They can/jar provisions, build fires, properly care for weapons, and Bill describes the harrowing instincts these bleak survivors experience in an unforgiving wasteland, one that nearly lacks all scruples and morals of any kind. However, the minor characters themselves are rather two-dimensional stereotypes (the burly white supremacist and the scholarly Asian, for example), and the book contains more than its share of astronomical coincidences that the reader’s suspension of disbelief will need to put in some overtime.

Bill’s style of writing is, at times, difficult to read without stumbling. His reliance on gratuitous violence nearly hampers his ability to shape characters that the reader can associate with and adequately root for, and it doesn’t give the story a chance to build suspenseful situations that pay off in later chapters. The theme of “immediate satisfaction” shows throughout the book and Bill’s overused motifs of blood-spattered vengeance, righteousness, and justice appear obvious and tired to veteran dystopian novel readers.

That said, it’s a riveting book set in the same universe (with some of the same types of characters) as Bill’s previous novel, Donnybrook. The loss of manufacturing jobs, the devaluing of the dollar, the destruction of the national power grid, a full-blown drug epidemic, the desolation of towns and communities, and the domination of roving, warring bands of cannibals are all thing that feel too real, too close to home, and seeming coming to a town near you sooner than we’d all like.

Novel & Author
The Savage
by Frank Bill

Publisher
FSG Originals Publishing, New York

MSRP
$10.18 (Amazon.com)

URL
FSGOriginals.com

Pages
400

Rating
Thrive
>Survive
Die


OFFGRID Library of Recommended Books

More From Issue 25

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Read articles from the next issue of Recoil Offgrid: Issue 26

Read articles from the previous issue of Recoil Offgrid: Issue 24

Check out our other publications on the web: Recoil | Gun Digest | Blade | RecoilTV | RECOILtv (YouTube)

Editor's Note: This article has been modified from its original version for the web.


Buyer’s Guide: Boonie Hats

Whether you're escaping the harsh sun in the desert, dodging downpours in the rainforest, or simply going on a weekend hike with the family, a good hat will make the experience more pleasant. It reduces glare, protects your face and neck from sunburns, keeps you cool, and prevents sweat from running into your eyes. This is why you'll rarely meet an experienced adventurer or outdoorsman who doesn't don some form of headwear in the backcountry.

As you'll read in the upcoming Wide Brim Hat Buyer's Guide in Issue 26 of our print magazine, there are many styles of headwear to choose from. One of the most noteworthy and popular styles of outdoor-oriented hat is the boonie hat — that's what we'll be focusing on in this guide. Read on for a brief history of the boonie, and for our reviews of three currently-available examples of this design.

History of the Boonie Hat

Photo:

Photo: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)

The term boonie is a shortened version of boondocks, a word defined as “rough country filled with dense brush”. Looking even further back, the word boondocks was adopted by U.S. military forces stationed in the Philippines at the beginning of the 20th century. These soliders derived it from the tagalog word bundók, which translates to mountain. This etymology goes to show that even the name of this hat is strongly linked to rugged environments.

So, where did the boonie hat design come from? As with many of the tools we use today, the boonie hat wasn't invented in a vacuum by one individual — instead, it developed organically over time. The general design was borrowed from preexisting hat styles, such as the WWII-era “Daisy Mae” fatigue hat seen below:

Photo: Life Magazine, circa 1942

Photo: Life Magazine, circa 1942

This hat style remained popular among the troops due to its simplicity, flexibility, and durability. By the early days of the Vietnam War, members of the U.S. Special Forces could be seen wearing similar hats that matched their tigerstripe camouflage fatigues. Rather than being officially-issued, these hats were reportedly made by local Vietnamese tailors using cloth salvaged from other items. It was at this point that the name “boonie” was first applied.

Members of the 5th Special Forces Group and Vietnam Special Forces (VNSF) soldiers wearing boonie hats. Photo: S. L. A. Marshall Photograph Collection

Members of the 5th Special Forces Group with local VNSF soldiers in Vietnam. Photo: S. L. A. Marshall Photograph...

Since they were often custom-made, features of these first boonie hats varied. All had soft floppy brims, were made of either camouflage or muted solid-color fabrics, and could be crushed or rolled up and shoved in a pocket when not in use. Some had snaps on the sides, allowing the brim to be turned up like an Aussie slouch hat; others had eyelets or holes for ventilation.

Boonie hat buyer's guide 21

Photo: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)

One of the most distinctive features of the boonie hat is the bar-tack-stitched strip of fabric around the crown. This forms a series of foliage loops that could be packed with jungle vegetation to break up the wearer's silhouette. Foliage loops aren't present on all boonie hats, but they have become a common feature for modern designs.

Boonie Hats for the Civilian Market

As the popularity of boonie hats grew in the military, it also carried over to law enforcement personnel and civilians. Boonie hats are now worn by many hunters, fishermen, and hikers. Rather than uniform-matching camouflage patterns, these civilian-market boonies favor solid colors. And although we may not need to fill the foliage loops with twigs and go crawl through the brush, this band does provide a handy storage spot for small items — fishing lures, paracord, sunglasses, a chemlight, or a ferro rod.

Boonie hat buyer's guide lead photo

We picked up a trio of consumer-grade boonie hats from 5.11 Tactical, Propper, and Rothco. Below, we'll compare and contrast their features, construction, and value.

5.11 Tactical Boonie Hat

Materials: 65% polyester/35% cotton TDU ripstop fabric with Teflon coating, moisture-wicking foam sweatband, metal mesh vent eyelets

Colors: TDU Khaki, TDU Green, Dark Navy, Black

Sizes: 22 to 23-7/8 inches

MSRP: $25

URL: 511tactical.com

Boonie hat buyer's guide 05

Notes: With a wavy 2-1/2 inch brim and a choice of four subdued colors, the 5.11 Tactical Boonie stays true to the classic design for the most part. The foliage loops around the crown vary in size from 2 inches to 4-1/4 inches wide — this makes it easier to stash a variety of small items on the brim. A hidden pocket inside the crown offers more storage space, as well as a location to stow the chin cord. Dual vent eyelets on each side and a moisture-wicking sweatband keep the wearer's head cool. The Teflon finish does a surprisingly good job repelling water, making this hat a good choice for rainy days. The foam-filled brim also springs back into shape nicely after being rolled up, while the other hats we tested have more of a tendency to retain creases and wrinkles.

Pros:

  • Excellent water-resistance thanks to the Teflon-coated fabric
  • Foam-filled brim doesn't pick up hard wrinkles or stubborn creases
  • Hidden pocket in the crown provides a good spot for stashing money or valuable documents

Cons:

  • Large plastic chin cord slider is rather clunky and makes stowing the chin cord uncomfortable
  • Our sample had some areas of loose stitching inside the sweatband, though this didn't affect our ability to use the hat

Propper Summerweight Wide Brim Boonie (Prototype)

Materials: 94% nylon/6% spandex ripstop quick-dry fabric, mesh crown

Colors: Khaki, Olive, LAPD Navy, Black

Sizes: 21-7/8 to 24-3/8 inches

MSRP: $20

URL: Propper.com

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Notes: This hat is a pre-production prototype of Propper's boonie hat redesign, so its features and appearance differ from the previous model that you may have seen elsewhere online. The Wide Brim Boonie is part of Propper's Summerweight collection, and is designed to keep the wearer cool and comfortable in hot environments. It's made from the same ripstop fabric as the company's other Summerweight apparel items, and features Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) of 50 — for more info on how UPF clothing protects your skin from the sun, check out our UPF Shirt Buyer's Guide from Issue 21. This redesigned model omits the side snaps seen on the old hat, and has a revised crown with a contoured mesh section. This crown is deep and spacious, and true to its name, it breathes well in warm weather. Although the hat can be rolled and packed, its 4-inch brim displayed some distinct wrinkles and creases after coming out of storage.

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Pros:

  • Light and breathable, ideal for hot and dry climates
  • 4-inch brim and UPF fabric provide maximum sun protection

Cons:

  • Brim forms hard creases after being rolled up and stored, and its width accentuates this floppy unevenness
  • Foliage loops are stitched only 7/8-inch apart, so they're too tight for larger items
  • Although it excels in hot and dry environments, it soaks up rain or sweat like a sponge

Rothco Boonie Hat

Materials: 55% cotton/45% polyester, metal mesh vent eyelets

Colors: Black, Coyote, Khaki, Olive Drab, Navy Blue, White, various camouflage patterns

Sizes: 21-1/8 to 25 inches

MSRP: $13

URL: Rothco.com

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Notes: The actual name imprinted on this item's tag is “Hat, Sun Hot Weather Type II” but Rothco lists it online simply as Boonie Hat. This hat bears a product designation of MIL-Type-J-44320 and what appears to be a NATO Stock Number (NSN): 0423-41-082-7360. Rothco offers numerous boonie hat variants, ranging from a tigerstripe camouflage Vintage Vietnam Style to a painfully garish Savage Orange Camo model that looks like it belongs in a '90s hip hop music video. The standard boonie we tested resembles the traditional design, with a 2-1/2-inch brim, large vent eyelets on each side, and a chin cord with simple leather slider. We noted that the crown on this hat feels rounder and more form-fitting than the otherwise similar 5.11 Tactical hat.

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Pros:

  • Good value at a sub-$15 price point
  • Rothco offers many color and style variations to choose from (but we'll point and laugh if you wear one of the neon “urban” camo colors unironically)
  • Simple construction and flexible single-layer brim is true to the original boonie hat style

Cons:

  • Form-fitting crown may feel constricting for those with thicker hair or larger heads
  • Water-resistance is good, but not great