An acorn is a nut that can be found in abundance in many regions, and can be a potential food source. Food provides calories, and calories provide the energy to keep your mind sharp and your muscles moving. If your supplies of food dwindle too far, your entire plan for survival can be derailed, so it's essential to have backup calorie sources to rely on. If hunting, trapping, fishing, and gardening don't produce enough food, foraging for wild edibles can provide a much-needed supplement to your diet.
Above: Acorns aren't just food for squirrels, but you won't want to eat them raw like this little guy is.
When we think of foraging for food in the woods, we often think of easy pickings like berries, roots, flowers, and mushrooms (although you'll need to be careful with those). But there's one food source that's often overlooked — in fact, you've probably walked all over it without even noticing.
Why Acorns?
Acorns are an excellent survival food, as long as you know how to prepare them. Scientific American writes, “In general, acorns appear to be higher in caloric content per unit weight than cereal grains, a reliable source of vitamin C and starch, and high in magnesium, calcium and phosphorus.”
With a few exceptions, most acorns are not edible in raw form due to high tannin content. Tannins are chemicals which taste extremely bitter and can cause indigestion, so you'll need to extract them from any acorns you gather through a process called leaching. Before leaching, it's best to make sure your acorns are ripe and brown, not green. Also make sure the acorns have no holes or deformities, as this could mean they've been damaged by insects or animals. Fortunately, these ripe acorns can be collected easily from the ground beneath oak trees, especially in the fall.
Above: Avoid under-ripe green acorns, as ripe brown acorns will taste better and be easier to process.
Dry the acorns in the sun to remove moisture if necessary, then shuck them by striking them with with a hammer or rock. Peel off the cap and skin, and set aside the inner meat. Once the acorns have been shucked, leaching can begin.
Tannins can be leached from acorns by soaking the acorns in cold water, and repeatedly changing the water until it remains clear. This usually takes several days. Hot water is even more effective for leaching, and will require less time to extract the tannins. At this stage, the acorns are edible, so you can:
Eat them raw (after leaching)
Add them to a soup, stew, or any other recipe that calls for nuts
Using our double-bladed kayak paddle as a hiking staff, spider-web sweeper, and snake stick, we skirted thick coastal lowlands in Florida to strike a brackish creek flowing with the outgoing tide into a shallow bay. Halting to get his bearings, our hiker leaned forward on the paddle shaft in human tripod mode, shrugging the weight of his 50-pound backpack and speeding blood flow to his arms for awaiting mosquitoes.
No white lab coats and clipboards here. When launching into the wild with an inflatable kayak, why let crash-test dummies have all the fun?
Our aim: Test the Innova Halibut, a rugged fishing kayak designed for angling and adventure in remote, hard-to-reach, pack-in, paddle-out locations. Our eye was focused on its “wilderness worthiness” for emergency response scenarios and how an inflatable craft compares to a conventional canoe or kayak.
Staging Area
After hiking in a ways after parking our Suburban 4×4, we found an unmarked opening in the mangrove shoreline that shimmered like an oasis. This put-in spot was rife with barnacle-encrusted mangrove tree roots, submerged oyster bars sharp as broken glass beneath the surface glare, and toothy creatures upstream and down.
Based in Burlington, Washington, the folks at Innova supply each boat with a patch kit — although we weren't looking to intentionally abuse the Halibut's extremely stout, handsome gray-on-green rubberized fabric (called Nitrilon, similar to that used on inflatable runabouts and yacht tenders). But at the same time, we wouldn't change our intended bug-out-by-water route for this review.
Each boat will last years with proper care, Innova says of its Czech-made boats. Touting the natural rubber-based elasticity of the boat material as preventing punctures, Innova advised that the material can absorb snags and snap back in place without tearing like lesser non-stretch poly materials. The Halibut was smooth to the touch and easily washed or wiped clean.
The Setup
Setting aside our gear and rod, we dropped the roll-top Halibut pack. Opening the small set of instructions made us wonder why we didn't try it at home first. Unrolling the 12-foot-3-inch kayak immediately struck us as a somewhat more daunting task than simply shoving a canoe through the mangrove roots after a traditional Southeast portage.
We needed to lay out, organize, orient, partially inflate, and assemble the inflatable seat, not to mention set up the tracking fin and floorboards for standing. There was also the orientation of deck fittings; we secured two evenly spaced fore and aft deck boards for attaching a rod holder or optional navigational electronics.
Though we didn't keep count, setup took longer than we expected. However, with a little pre-rigging, a practiced paddler with a pump could probably knock this out in 20 minutes. Something to consider if you plan to use this as a bug-out ‘yak.
Air Superiority
The open cockpit kayak hull consisted of three inflatable air chambers, reinforced by chemically bonded, vulcanized seams. Air chamber No. 1 was a ribbed series of parallel tubes forming the deck. Air chambers two and three were the port and starboard kayak sides. Each air chamber inflated via a pop-up, spring-loaded locking air valve located inboard and close within the stern. When locked down, the air valves were capped flush with the inner surface of the kayak, preventing accidental loss of pressure or snagging while underway.
The boat featured a stern drainage opening for when you take on a little water or following a downpour. One separate removable, inflatable folding kayak seat was supplied with back support straps and rod holder tubes nicely fitted behind the paddler.
The Ride
The inflatable seat supported our butt and was surprisingly comfortable and high riding, thanks to a cross plank beneath the seat securely fastened to the port and starboard grommets by thumb-screwed fasteners. The cross plank suspended high enough above the kayak deck that we were able to stow our Pelican camera case beneath the seat bottom, with room fore or aft for the author's favorite Watershed dry storage bags.
The paddler's heels rested on the floorboards or decking planks, preventing abrasion of the kayak's rubberized deck surface when wearing sandy dive booties. We attached a cross plank well forward of the paddler, providing a decent foot brace for each stroke.
The Czech List
Maneuverability: Pivot maneuverability in tight quarters was a blast, from 180 to 360.
Even with the modest profile-tracking fin, she spun easily with forward and reverse sweep strokes, stopping and reversing just as quickly. Side-to-side draw strokes moved the boat easily.
Capacity: The 441-pound carrying capacity easily accommodated our 200-pound paddler, rivaling the capacity of similar size rigid hull kayaks. Naturally, extra weight will slow the boat.
Stability: Initial and secondary stability checks from the seated position felt safe and fairly predictable once firmly inflated. Even with winds gusting above 25 knots, the boat wasn't tender and felt steady. Standing on the decking to route-scout or sight cast required care in the winds.
Seaworthiness: The roar of pounding surf tempted us to half drag, half carry the kayak over a sand dune to the Gulf of Mexico. We obliged. The inflatable hung tough, though.
Showing no worse-for-wear signs, the ‘yak had no loss of air pressure before we retreated into the protective mangroves to fish during the last light of day. With the upswept bow, the inflatable appeared capable of modest river currents for a hike-in, paddle-out trip. Still, our tidal currents didn't remotely extend to Deliverance-level conditions.
The Verdict
Pros: Workmanship, quality materials, and a capable cockpit layout combine to inspire confidence in remote locations. Testing under rough conditions reveals a surprisingly resilient, capable, and buoyant vessel with excellent detail. When properly set up and fully inflated, the boat carries a solid load, with emphasis on trimming load and seat position for paddler weight and load distribution.
Cons: Our main complaint is the lack of a padded hip belt for bearing the load of this 50-pound package. A weight transfer to the hips could save some shoulder and spine stress and aid in paddling ability when under way, or allow for another 25 pounds of required secondary gear, including paddles, a pump, and some camp gear. If one can carry the kayak pack and another tote pack with supplies, a two-person team could make good use of this kayak for waterside camping or survival.
Overall: In an emergency situation, and allowing for inflation and setup time, the Halibut would serve any solo survivalist with kayaking experience when transportation and space storage requirements make it the best, or only, choice.
David H. Martin — a Southwest Florida-based fishing guide and NRA training counselor — first appeared in RECOIL OFFGRID's Fall 2014 issue with a feature on using kayaks as bug-out transportation. He has since written about a range of water-related topics, from flooding and hurricane cover stories to a high-water military surplus vehicle and a two-wheel-drive floating motorcycle. Contact him at davidhmartin@me.com.
If you've read some of our previous knife reviews, such as the TOPS Hazen Legion 6.0 and the White River Firecraft FC5, you'll probably recognize the word micarta. This term refers to a composite material that's often used on knife handles and gun grips. Some types of micarta have a marbled appearance with light and dark layers, while others appear as a single solid color. Micarta is also known for its ability to absorb moisture, so it can provide a secure grip even if your hands are wet or sweaty. So, what exactly is this material?
Micarta is technically a brand name and registered trademark of Norplex-Micarta, but much like Kleenex tissues and the Thermos insulated water bottle, it has sometimes been used in a generic sense to describe a category of composites. These composites are formed from densely-packed layers of fabric suspended in thermosetting plastic (a.k.a. resin or epoxy). Micarta can be made from linen, canvas, denim, paper, carbon fiber, or just about any other fabric by stacking multiple layers and using pressure to impregnate these layers with resin.
In the following video, YouTube channel M.N. Projects shows how to make a DIY fixed-blade knife with denim micarta handle scales. The scales are literally just a pair of old blue jeans, cut into rectangles, brushed with epoxy, and pressed into a wood form using a bench vise and C-clamps. These scales are then pinned onto the knife, and sanded down using a dremel and sandpaper. If you've got a workshop at home and some basic power tools, this is something that wouldn't be too hard to accomplish — these scales could give your old knife a new look and improve grip in wet conditions.
The thirst is all-consuming as you lurch forward through the parched sand and loose rock of the desert canyon. You're lost, having ventured off the hiking trail miles ago. You have only half of a bottle of water left. Stopping under the unmerciful sun, you examine the bottle as if you were studying some precious jewel. Your body knows what it needs. But your mind says, “No! I have to save it!” You're not sure why, but somehow it seems too precious to waste, too valuable to use right now. So, you put the bottle back into your bag and continue stumbling forward, hoping to magically find a flowing stream in this barren land.
The Myth: We're often told that if we're out on a strenuous hike, holed up at home because of a storm, or stranded in the middle of nowhere, we should ration our water. But does that strategy hold water when you're in a sweltering desert?
The Reality: Human beings are adaptable creatures. We're capable of surviving on a lot less than you might expect, and there are plenty of examples of this. In 1981, a young sailor survived for 76 days in a small life raft in the Atlantic. During the final month of his ordeal, he carefully rationed his collected rain water — just one pint a day. He made it, surviving to tell his tale. And perhaps it's because of stories like this one — tales that linger in the pop culture consciousness — that the notion of rationing water in all types of emergencies is so widespread.
But the physical needs of a sedentary sailor lying in a damp rubber raft and someone walking through a waterless desert are quite different indeed.
In comfortable surroundings, an inactive adult usually needs about 2 quarts a day. In a dry climate emergency that includes exertion, the need may jump from quarts to gallons. High heat, low humidity, and dry winds can steal the water from your body quickly and in a way you won't really notice — until things get serious.
Dehydration can lead to diminished strength and motor skills, sluggish cognitive abilities, extreme tiredness, and ultimately death. We may need to be at peak performance to accomplish the tasks of survival in tough desert conditions, and we simply can't afford to work at a diminished capacity. Take a lesson from the humble yet ornery camel. In these harsh situations, the best place to store your water is in your body, not in your canteen.
Alternative Uses: You may not be able to get more drinking water in a survival situation, but you can always take steps to limit your water loss. Consider these other techniques:
Dress the Part: When traveling through hot climates, wear light-colored shirts with long sleeves, long pants, and a wide hat. It might seem counterintuitive considering the heat, but keep as much skin covered as possible, even your face. This limits your skin exposure to the sun, keeping you cooler — and it helps to hold in moisture. Ideally, you should wear cotton clothing in the day time, as cotton fibers will hold your sweat longer than other fabrics and help to preserve any perspiration and the moisture in your skin. Just make sure you have a dry change of clothes for nighttime, as the temperature can plummet in the desert at night (and wet clothing can chill you).
Go With the Flow: If possible, limit or avoid activity at the hottest part of the day. Walk, climb, or work in the early morning or late evening (or at night, if you have a light source), and rest in a shady place during the heat of the day.
Get Radical: Save water early and often. Don't wait until you're almost dead from dehydration to start implementing water-saving survival techniques. Breathe only through your nose, since mouth breathing causes unnecessary water loss. And when things get really dire, pee on your clothing to cool yourself down and keep your skin hydrated. Don't suck on buttons or stones to keep your mouth moist. There's no water in them — duh! — and they represent a choking hazard if you lose consciousness.
The Premise: Want to learn how to defend yourself in unarmed combat? If this is the case, Krav Maga Tactical Survival: Personal Safety in Action might just be what the doctor ordered. This comprehensive volume delivers knowledge on surviving many violent situations — from barroom brawls to parking lot beat-downs (and many others in-between).
The 411: The author, Gershon Ben Keren, is a fifth-degree black belt in Krav Maga and a second-degree black belt in judo. He also holds a master's degree in psychology and has performed academic research on violence against women. He currently runs Krav Maga Yashir Boston, a training facility in Massachusetts' capital.
What's Krav Maga? Is that what you dip into your hummus? Nope, it's the official combatives system for the Israel Defense Forces. The techniques and concepts of this system have been pressure-tested again and again, on battlefields and in urban environments. Krav Maga (which translates to “contact combat”) was founded by Imi Lichtenfeld in the late '30s. Today, Krav Maga incorporates elements of boxing, Thai boxing, jujutsu, aikido, judo, and good ol' fashioned street fighting.
Krav Maga Tactical Survival is Keren's second book. It's broken down into four parts: strikes and blocks; weapons defense — namely against firearms and knives; unarmed assaults; and throws and takedowns. He promises no crossover techniques from his first book, Krav Maga: Real World Solutions to Real World Violence.
The Verdict: The pages are thick and the pictures colorful and clear. Unlike many martial arts how-to books photographed in a dojo, the pictures are staged at real locations, highlighting the gravity of close-quarter conflicts.
An exhaustive quantity of violent situations are covered. You could get into a fight every week for the rest of your life and still not encounter all the scenarios described.
Situational awareness is analyzed throughout the book. Awareness of your surroundings belongs in every personal protection manual because that skill, more than anything else, will save your hide. Improvised weapons are also examined, such as smashing a ceramic plate and using the jagged edges for cutting.
Another unique feature rarely seen in other self-defense books is how to employ situational awareness to spoil the assailant's weapon draw. Why wait for the weapon to come out? Well Keren doesn't. Instead he shows the steps to dish out punishment while keeping the attacker's weapon sheathed.
Krav Maga Tactical Survival is first-class in its genre, so the following critiques are relatively minor.
As mentioned, the book presents numerous techniques, making it difficult for beginners to sort out common attacks from the less-likely assaults. As you train for self-defense, consider spending the majority of training time on common attack scenarios. For example, it doesn't make sense to dedicate an equal amount of time drilling a common right haymaker attack as you would with an uncommon knife-threat-from-behind abduction scenario.
Also, many of the savage strikes shown in the first section are never seen again. The hammer fist, elbow strikes, cradle throat strike, and the humble bite are all proven techniques in street fights. Yet, they receive little page real estate during the force-on-force scenarios.
Despite the minor criticisms, Krav Maga Tactical Survival is hard to beat (pun intended). It represents a solid combatives manual and undoubtedly stands alone in a crowded genre. We bet reading Keren's first book, along with this sequel, will give you more (self-defense) tools than your local Home Depot.
Krav Maga Tactical Survival: Personal Safety in Action
The Amazon rainforest is well-known as one of the last bastions of unexplored wilderness on earth. There are still regions of its deep jungle which harbor native tribes who have had little to no contact with the modern world. It's also an incredibly difficult environment to survive in — millions of square miles of dense vegetation, harsh terrain, constant moisture, and countless poisonous or venomous species. Even for experienced survivalists, overcoming the Amazon is a serious challenge.
A new movie, Jungle with Daniel Radcliffe, tells the true story of four men who entered the Bolivian rainforest, only to learn firsthand how difficult it can be to survive there. The men remained in the jungle for three weeks with only basic supplies, and tragically, some of them never made it out.
Radcliffe plays the role of Yossi Ghinsberg, a 21-year-old adventurer who had decided to travel the world after serving in the Israeli military. The film is based on the book Ghinsberg wrote to tell how he escaped alive, Jungle: A Harrowing True Story of Survival. Check out the trailer for Jungle below:
If you're interested in hearing more about this true survival story, watch the video below to hear it in Ghinsberg's own words:
Even if you're an expert hunter and have months of shelf-stable food reserves stockpiled for emergencies, it's important to supplement your diet with freshly-grown fruits and vegetables. Home gardening is a great way to produce spinach, peas, tomatoes, herbs, or berries right in your own backyard. These items can add an immense amount of flavor and nutrients to your meals, whether you're surviving the apocalypse or simply trying to make less trips to the grocery store.
Some people assume home gardening requires a large plot of land, complex irrigation system, and expensive equipment for tilling the fields, but it's nowhere near that difficult. In fact, one of the most effective methods for growing at home doesn't even require any soil. Hydroponics uses a water reservoir, suspended grow tray, and low-energy circulation pump to grow fruits and vegetables in a controlled environment. When paired with grow lights, it can even be done indoors or in a dark garage or shed.
Any time you're having a discussion about difficult choices, the desert island scenario is likely to come up. You know the one — If you were a castaway on a tiny island with a single movie to watch and no other forms of entertainment, which one would you pick? We're not really sure what remote island would have a big-screen TV, electricity, and a Blu-Ray player, but that's beside the point. The point is to think long and hard about your choice, because you'd have to live with it for a long time, maybe even forever.
“I only get to pick ONE movie?!” Photo: 20th Century Fox
This got us thinking: what if you really were trapped on a desert island, but instead of choosing a movie or music album, you had to choose your only survival tool? At first thought, that might sound like an easy choice — but hear us out and read the scenario below before jumping to conclusions. After reading the background info and additional resources, you'll be able to select either a knife with fire-starter or water desalinator in the poll at the end of this article.
Photo: Alessandro Caproni / Flickr
In case you’ve missed our previous installments of Survival Scenarios, here’s how it works. We ask you how you’d handle a difficult choice in a hypothetical survival situation. Previously, we asked if you'd rather be snowed-in or snowed-on in a fierce blizzard, or whether you'd bug out or stay put in a panicked stampede on New Year's Eve. As always, today’s post ends with a poll where you can make your choice, and see how others felt about the scenario.
Background Info
Before you decide what survival tool you'd prefer, we'll provide some essential background info. The setting is a small uninhabited island in the Pacific Ocean, part of a remote coral atoll. The island is mostly barren, aside from scattered palm trees and salt-water-tolerant low-lying vegetation.
No fresh water source is present, and the entire land mass is less than half a square mile. The only animal life present on the island appears to be a handful of seabirds, a healthy population of rats, and whatever marine life you can find in the clear waters or on the beach. The good news is that the climate is above 80°F year-round unless a tropical storm rolls in (not an uncommon occurrence).
You ended up on this island while on a week-long sailing trip with your good friend Philippe, a wealthy retiree and experienced sailor. Three days into the trip, you spotted the island and decided to go ashore and enjoy some solid ground. Philippe said he'd stay behind and anchor the sailboat, so you hopped into the inflatable dinghy and paddled to the beach. After about 30 minutes of walking around, you pushed your way back through the vegetation to find the dinghy — but the sailboat wasn't where it had been. It had shrunk to almost a speck in the distance.
At this point, you have no idea what happened, or why your trusted friend would leave you behind. You can't believe it could be intentional, but you also can't think of any other explanation, aside from some sort of catastrophic medical issue that caused him to lose control of the boat. Knowing you couldn't possibly paddle far or fast enough to catch the boat, you stand on the beach and watch as it slowly disappears on the horizon.
You're not sure if anyone is coming to look for you — at least not any time soon. Your friends back home know you headed out with Philippe, but no one knows the exact route you took, and no one expects you back for at least a week. You could be stuck on this sandy beach for days, or much longer.
Gear and Resources
This situation completely blindsided you, so you've got virtually zero useful gear. On your person, you have nothing but the clothes on your back — cargo shorts, a T-shirt, a baseball cap, and canvas boat shoes. Your pockets are empty; all your emergency gear was on the sailboat. You recall some miscellaneous garbage washed up on the shore of the island, but nothing overly useful (no anthropomorphic volleyballs, either).
The dinghy appears empty aside from the paddles you used to get ashore and a tattered duffel bag with some dock rope. However, upon closer inspection, you see that the duffel bag contains one of the following two survival tools:
A small hand-pump reverse osmosis water desalinator
Either one of these tools would give you a major head start on surviving the unknown amount of time you'll be stuck on this island. Read on for some of the potential advantages and disadvantages of each choice.
Survival Knife & Ferro Rod
Technically this could be considered two tools, but it's fairly common to see survival knives packaged with a sheath and ferrocerium rod fire starter. You're lucky enough to have both.
As you probably already know, a sturdy fixed-blade knife is one of the most valuable survival tools money can buy. On the island, it'll permit you to chop wood for a campfire, carve simple traps to catch rats or birds, and even spear-fish in the surrounding waters.
If you choose, you can also use your knife to slice up the inflatable dinghy and scavenge its synthetic rubber skin to build a shelter or other tools (we'll get back to this). The ability to build a waterproof shelter will be especially important if a tropical storm hits the island, since you'd end up drenched and miserable without it.
The ferro rod will enable fire-starting with relative ease. Just strike the rod with your knife and shower a bundle of palm tree bark and other dry tinder with sparks to get a fire going. Considering the warm tropical weather, you probably won't need the fire for heat, but you can still use it to create a smoke signal for rescue or to cook any food you catch on land or in the sea.
The knife and fire-starter provide the ability to make almost everything you need easily — with the glaring exception of drinkable water. Since we know that drinking seawater is always a bad idea, and that boiling seawater will only increase its salinity, the only hope to get a drink is to catch rainwater or desalinate (remove the salt from) seawater. In order to desalinate seawater, you have a few options:
Scavenge the beach for a vessel to boil seawater in (via fire or hot rocks), and a second vessel to catch and condense the steam, forming a rudimentary distiller
Make a solar still using scavenged plastic or sheets of rubber cut from the dinghy
With the knife and ferro rod, finding drinkable water will be your biggest struggle, but not an insurmountable task if you're clever and patient.
Water Desalinator
On the other hand, you could choose the portable desalinator, and have no trouble finding water to stay hydrated.
An emergency device like the Katadyn Survivor 06 requires no batteries or fuel, and is operated with a manual pump to produce more than 6 gallons of drinkable water per day. These desalination devices pass seawater through a reverse-osmosis membrane, eliminating about 98% of the dissolved salts and rendering the water safe to drink.
With the desalinator, you wouldn't need to search for materials or build a still — you'd have a indefinite source of clean water as long as the pump remained operational. Katadyn doesn't list an exact lifespan for its Survivor 06 desalinator, but says it should have “many years of trouble-free operation” when used according to the instructions. Since clean water is one of the top priorities for survival, this is a huge advantage.
Unfortunately, by choosing the desalinator, you'll have no cutting tool and no quick source of fire. Chopping down trees to build a shelter will be tricky, although you could invert the dinghy and sleep underneath that. Any other cutting will need to be done with a sharpened rock or shell. Spear fishing and carving traps will become much harder.
As for fire-starting, you'll be back to primitive methods. You could try starting a friction fire or making a bow drill, but palm trees and tropical shrubs don't normally produce the hard and straight twigs that are conducive to these tasks. If you're unable to get a fire going, you run the risk of becoming ill from eating raw meat, and will be unable to send a clear smoke signal to passing vessels.
The Decision
Considering these advantages and disadvantages, which tool would you rather have for desert island survival: a knife with ferro rod fire-starter, or a hand-pump water desalinator? Enter your decision into the poll below, and feel free to justify that choice in the comments section.
Survival Scenarios is a recurring feature on OFFGRIDweb.com, and will ask you to make a difficult choice between two or more hypothetical situations.
We don’t just want you to read our posts silently—we want to hear what you have to say. Share your thoughts or suggestions in the comments below, or head over to our Facebook page.
The amazingly cheesy 1988 cult classic film They Live produced what is arguably one of the most memorable one-liners in all of movie history: “I have come here to chew bubble gum and kick ass… and I'm all out of gum.” According to lead actor “Rowdy” Roddy Piper, the line wasn't even in the script — he ad-libbed it on set.
Piper's character had no problem kicking ass without any bubblegum, but there's scientific evidence to indicate that he might've had an even easier time with it. Believe it or not, several recent peer-reviewed studies have shown that chewing gum has a proven association with “higher productivity and fewer cognitive problems”. Even if you're not hunting down evil aliens, there's strong evidence to suggest that chewing gum can help you focus, relax, and accomplish more.
Whether you're bored at work or trying to cope with a chaotic survival situation, popping in a piece of chewing gum can give you a measurable advantage. Here are a few of the cognitive benefits of chewing gum, as mentioned in this study from the U.S. National Library of Medicine:
Enhanced alertness
Improved memory and reduced cognitive errors
Sustained attention span
Quickened reaction time
Reduced feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression
In addition to these psychological benefits, the American Dental Association states that chewing sugar-free gum can protect the teeth and reduce the risk of cavities. Scientific evidence also suggests that chewing gum significantly suppresses hunger, so if you're not able to stop for a snack, it's a good way to stay on task. The foil wrappers can also be combined with a AA battery and used as an improvised fire-starter.
Your empty gum wrappers can be re-purposed into a simple fire-starting tool.
Considering all these reasons, you might want to think about adding a pack of gum to your survival kit if you haven't already. If you find yourself in the backwoods without gum, check out our previous article about how to make natural spruce pitch chewing gum. Now go chew gum and kick ass.
Have you ever seen a semi truck carrying a large container, and wondered what was inside? Unless the box was plastered with bright colors, catchy slogans, or the logo of your favorite beer company, most of us simply tune them out and keep driving. The plain white 18-wheeler that you just passed could be packed floor-to-ceiling with industrial scrap or nuclear warheads, and you'd never know the difference without looking inside.
The inconspicuous nature of unmarked semi truck cargo boxes provides an interesting opportunity: what if that cargo container concealed your survival shelter and bug-out gear? Better yet, what if the container was your survival shelter? In the early stages of an emergency bug-out situation, driving around a high-end RV or motorhome will probably draw some unwanted attention, but an old semi truck hauling an ordinary-looking box might appear less conspicuous.
UK-based company Ten Fold Engineering has developed a quick-deploy mobile building design that travels on a standard semi truck. These Ten Fold structures self-deploy from the parked truck, expanding into spacious and versatile buildings without a need for builders, tools, or even a foundation.
The expansion process is fast, uses minimal power, and reveals storage spaces where furniture and gear can be carried in transit. The 689-square-foot (64-square-meter) prototype seen in the video above is said to open and close in 10 minutes using only a hand-held battery-powered drill. The Ten Fold Engineering site says, “Everything you see in the unit at the end of the film was already inside it at the start, with room to spare.”
These relocatable buildings are adaptable to a number of purposes, from emergency response centers to mobile homes. They can be equipped with solar panels, additional rooms, or can even be stacked and joined to create larger structures.
As you might expect, the Ten Fold Engineering structures come at a substantial price. The only pricing information on the company's site is the phrase “from £100,000” — that means the basic models start at around $130,000 for those of us across the pond. Still, it's an interesting concept, and one we could see becoming more widespread in the future as the cost of this technology diminishes.
