Kayak Paddling

The traditional kayak is a simple watercraft design believed to be nearly 4,000 years old, and in its simplicity, it has proven to be a great resource for survival. If you live near a large body of water, knowing how to kayak is wise—even if you don’t own your own, you may be able to appropriate one as a means of transport if SHTF. Then again, kayaks are inexpensive to own or rent, so you might consider integrating one into your bug-out plan (or back-up plan).

Kayak paddling 2

Like any watercraft, there’s some technique and skill involved in using a kayak. Fortunately, we recently found an excellent resource for anyone interested in learning: KayakPaddling.net. This free guide walks you through 21 different kayak maneuvers, from simple balancing to complex recovery rolls, with animations and text captions for each. It’s certainly worth a quick browse—even if you never plan on using a kayak, it’s always good to know. Click here to visit the KayakPaddling.net interactive guide.

 


Mastering Knife Sharpening with Japanese Water Stones

How many knives do you own? For most of us, the answer is quite a few, whether they’re found in the kitchen, bug-out bag, or on your person. Now, a more important question: can you sharpen them correctly without relying on an electric grinder or your local cutlery store? Keeping your knife sharp is essential for both safety and efficiency, whether you're at home or in an expedition base camp. In this guide, we'll use a technique taught by renowned bushcraft instructor Ray Mears to walk you through the process of knife sharpening with Japanese water stones to maintain your knife's edge.

This technique works especially well with a flat or scandi grind. If you are uncertain as to what grind your knife has, you can use our grind guide for reference. Although a blade with a secondary bevel can be sharpened using Japanese water stones, it requires a steadier hand, and a lot of practice. For sharpnening secondary bevels, most people find it easier to use a sharpener where they angle can be adjusted mechanically, like the Cold Steel Benchtop Sharpener found in this article. But for flat and scandi grinds, you can follow along with Ray Mears to ensure your knife stays in top condition.

Ray Mears displaying the mirrored bevel on a knife he just sharpened and polished.

Above: Ray Mears shows off the mirrored polish on a freshly sharpened blade.

Step-by-Step Knife Sharpening Process:

Step 1 – Soak the Stones:

  • Begin by soaking your Japanese water stones in water for 5 to 10 minutes to saturate them fully.

Step 2 – Prepare the Stones:

  • Use three different grits for optimal sharpening:

– Coarsest Stone (800 grit): Start with this stone to shape the edge.

– Medium Stone (1200 grit): Use this to refine the edge.

– Fine Stone (6000 grit): This stone polishes the blade for a razor-sharp finish.

  • Secure the stones on a flat surface using a clamp with rubber feet to prevent slipping. If you do not have a dedicated clamp, a moist placing the stone on top of a moist washcloth or towel will help keep the stone in place.

Step 3 – Sharpen the Knife:

  • Starting with the 800 Grit Stone:

– Keep the stone wet during use.

– Lay the knife flat on the stone and tilt it until the edge bevel is flat against the surface.

– Slice across the stone, maintaining the bevel flat, for about 8 strokes in one direction.

– Turn the blade over and repeat the process in the opposite direction.

– Finish with 8 alternating strokes to ensure an even edge.

Step 4 – Special Attention to the Main Carving Edge:

  • On the 2-3 inches of the blade closest to the handle, run it over the water stone 4 times in each direction. This will ensure the part of the blade most often used for carving will be sharp.
  • Finish with 4 alternating strokes.

Step 5 – Repeat with the 1200 Grit Stone:

  • Follow the same process as above until the edge is flat and free of light spots. “Light spots” simply refers to any light reflecting off the edge, indicating a surface of the edge that is not even with the surrounding edge.

Step 6 – Finish with the 6000 Grit Stone:

  • Create a slurry on the top of the stone using a nagura stone. The slurry helps to polish the blade.
  • Follow the same sharpening process, ensuring a beautifully polished edge.

Step 7 – Polishing:

  • Use the slurry from the 6000 grit stone to polish the blade's surface, removing any stains or rust. Take care not to run your fingers along the blades edge since it should now be razor sharp!

Step 8 – Final Touches:

  • Stropping the Edge:

– Use the inside of a belt, or a dedicated strop to strop the edge, removing any microscopic burrs. Drag the knife with the edge facing away from the belt, giving it 50 strokes.

  • Honing the Edge:

– For an extra sharp edge, lightly run the blade across a ceramic rod or even the edge of a vehicle window about 10 times.

Sharpening a knife on a 6000 grit Japanese water stone.

Above: The black streak running through the slurry of the 6000 grit Japanese whet stone is actually metal particles being removed from the blade.

Knife Sharpening with Japanese Water Stones Recap

  • Soak stones in water for 5-10 minutes.
  • Use 800, 1200, and 6000 grit stones.
  • Secure stones with a clamp to prevent slipping.
  • Sharpen the knife in 8-stroke increments per direction.
  • Alternate strokes to maintain a true edge.
  • Create a slurry with a nagura stone for fine polishing.
  • Strop the edge using a belt for a perfect finish.
  • Use a vehicle window edge for additional sharpening.
  • Polish the blade to remove stains and rust.

If you’re not 100% sure about your knife sharpening technique, do yourself a favor and watch this video from bushcraft expert Ray Mears. He goes over the basics of using a whetstone, a strop, and even the edge of a car window to get a blade perfectly sharp.

Above: Watch the knife sharpening demo Ray Mears gives utilizing Japanese water stones.

Additional Tips:

  • Always keep your fingers away from the edge during sharpening.
  • A carbon steel blade, like the one shown in the video, can stain and rust, so polish it regularly.
  • Test the sharpness by slicing through paper or gently shaving hairs from your arm.

By following these steps, you can maintain your knife in the best condition possible, ensuring it's always ready for use.

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Get-Home Bags

It's a busy day for you at the office, and the last thing you needed was to get the Blue Screen of Death before you could generate your daily TPS reports. Frustrated, you get up to storm over to the IT department to demand an explanation. It's then that you look up and notice that not only is your computer on the fritz, but the entire floor looks like it has gone dark. Is it a blackout? Well, the backup systems didn't kick in like they should have. What's going on here?

The Situation

Regardless of what cut the power to your building, you realize by looking out the window that the power is out in every building in the surrounding area. The traffic lights aren't even flashing red. You're still hoping a run-of-the-mill power outage is the culprit when you see drivers exiting their cars in the middle of the street. That's when you get a sinking feeling that something more serious is going down. Perhaps it's the effects of a solar flare, or maybe even a hacker or terrorist attack? All you know is you need to get out while you can. While your officemates are still trying to figure out if a circuit breaker was tripped, you're already on to the next step. You tell them about everything you've noticed, reach for the office-based get-home bag that you've kept under your desk, and head to the stairs to get to the ground floor.

On the Move

From the office, it's about 18 miles to home — it's already late afternoon, so you'd better get a move on. The supplies you stored in your bag are sufficient to keep you provisioned and geared up for the trek back home, even if it takes a couple of days. The average person can walk about 3 miles per hour, so you're looking at a six-hour walk at best without rest — and that's not taking into account obstacles natural or manmade (or man himself).

back-get-home-bags-blackhawk-diversion-wax-canvas-rucksack

The Office-Based Bag

Since you're always prepared, you know the importance of stowing what you can where you can. You can never be too prepared, and it's not possible to anticipate where you'll be when a disaster strikes. What you do know is that you spend a good majority of your time either at home, at work, or traveling between the two. With that in mind, you've developed supply caches in the form of kits for places that you frequent the most. Keeping the mother lode of survival supplies at home is less of an issue than keeping supplies in other places, such as at the office. At your workplace you opt for the less conspicuous, ever adaptable backpack.

Blending in

It's not hard to see why backpacks are the go-to bug-out supply carrier of choice. They're made to carry and to be carried. Slung on your back, packs keep your hands free and, depending on type, they can carry very large loads. They can also blend into their surroundings, perfect for an office environment. The less attention drawn to it, the better. In times of non-emergency, a boring-looking bag may be easier to hide in plain sight and less enticing to steal. When being used, it will draw a lot less attention on the streets than a bag finished in whatever spiffy new tactical pattern is the flavor of the month.

Inventory

What you may choose to carry in your office get-home bag will greatly differ based on your needs. Those who work just a stone's throw from home will require a very different loadout than those who have a long commute. It's easy to underestimate the difference between walking and driving, so be realistic and plan accordingly. We suggest packing as light as you can while carrying as much practical gear as you think you'll really need. Don't pack the kitchen sink. For example, if you think you might need to spend a night on the road, you're better off packing a $1 Mylar space blanket that weighs a few ounces than a $100 one-person tent that clocks in at 4 pounds.

Essentials such as water, a lighter, a first-aid kit, and high-calorie ration bars are a no-brainer. If you don't carry a knife on you every day, consider packing a quality fixed blade or folding knife. A hand-crank radio with an integrated flashlight could be a useful tool, too, as it can provide vital news updates as well as a source of light. Comfort items like a roll of toilet paper will go a long way. If you have room, an extra set of clothes and a couple pairs of socks are good to have. And because the apocalypse might not hit on casual Friday, a pair of sneakers or old boots wouldn't be a bad idea either. Nothing would suck more than having to hike back home while dodging meteor strikes in your Kenneth Cole wingtips.

Because backpacks come in so many different shapes, sizes, and looks, we've selected a few of our favorites in the following guide. Most can be hidden away under your desk and some look at home in the conference room as well as a backwoods trail. Take a look; your next pack might be among our survey of new and noteworthy packs on the next six pages.

Proper Fitment

backpack-get-home-bags-proper-fitment

We stress that less is more, so pack lightly when possible. But depending on what your requirements are, a fully loaded pack can weigh 50 pounds or more. A properly fitted backpack can spread the weight evenly on your body to help avoid injury and ease fatigue.

To figure out what size backpack is right for you, you'll want to tilt your head down and feel for the bump where your shoulder meets your neck. This bump is called the C7 vertebra. When measuring torso length, the C7 is considered the upper most point and where you want to start your measurement.

Next, place your hands on your hip bones with four fingers facing forward and your thumbs toward the back. The imaginary line between your two thumbs is the bottom of your torso. It'll be easier if you have someone help you with this next step. Stand up straight (no slouching now!) and measure the length between the C7 vertebra and the imaginary line on your lower back. The length you come up with is your torso length and can be used to reference different backpack sizes. Taking the time to find a properly fitted bag is often overlooked, but is essential.

Get-Home Bags

  • 5.11 Tactical Covrt Backpack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 21 x 14.5 x 8 inches (30L)
    Weight - 2 pounds, 10 ounces
    Colorway - Black (shown), Storm, Tundra
    MSRP - $110
    URL - http://www.511tactical.com/

    The Covrt Boxpack is a roll-top bag that features a slide-adjusting sternum strap and reinforced padded shoulder straps for a secure and comfortable carry while on the go.

  • Black Diamond Magnum 20 Pack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 20 x 11 x 9 inches (20L)
    Weight - 1 pound, 2 ounces
    Colorway - Black, Laurel, Sulfur (shown)
    MSRP - $90
    URL - http://www.blackdiamondequipment.com/

    With a 20-liter storage capacity, the Black Diamond Magnum 20 features an internal stow pocket and an accessory loop perfect for a trekking pole or ice axe.

  • Blackhawk Diversion Wax Canvas Rucksack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 20 x 12.2 x 5.5 inches (25L)
    Weight - 3 pounds, 12 ounces
    Colorway - Earth (shown), Slate
    MSRP - $256
    URL -http://www.blackhawk.com/

    robably the most "undercover" and stylish bag of the bunch, the BLACKHAWK! Diversion Wax Canvas Rucksack is made of quality materials, including 10.10-ounce wax canvas, water-resistant zippers, and easy-to-use magnetic buckles.

  • Cambelbak Skirmish

    Dimensions (Volume) - 21 x 14.5 x 8 inches (33L)
    Weight - 4 pounds, 14 ounces
    Colorway - Coyote (shown)
    MSRP - $315 to 345
    URL - http://www.camelbak.com/

    On the face of the Skirmish is a sleek, low-profile composite PALS panel that provides secure attachment for pouches and gear.

  • Condor Frontier Outdoor Pack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 18 x 11 x 7 inches (20L)
    Weight - 3 pounds, 4 ounces
    Colorway - Black, Brown, Grey (shown), MultiCam
    MSRP - $125
    URL - http://www.condoroutdoor.com/

    The Condor Frontier Outdoor Pack is constructed with Mil-spec 500-denier Cordura fabric and high tensile-strength composite nylon thread, featuring a rugged, high abrasion-resistant rubber bottom for further reinforcement.

  • FirstSpear Comm Pack Large

    Dimensions (Volume) - 18.5 x 13 x 7 inches (30L)
    Weight - 2 pounds, 5 ounces
    Colorway - Black, Blue/Silver, Light Grey Ripstop, Ranger/Coyote (shown)
    MSRP - $208
    URL - http://www.first-spear.com/

    FirstSpear's Comm Pack is based on the company's ECP military assault pack, but has a toned-down urban appearance that allows you to blend into the crowd.

  • Grey Ghost Gear Griff Pack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 19 x 12 x 8 inches (30L)
    Weight - 2 pounds, 10 ounces
    Colorway - Black (shown), Grey
    MSRP - $119
    URL - http://www.greyghostgear.com/

    At first glance, this looks like a fairly standard backpack that you'd find at any sporting goods store.

  • Hazard 4 Clerk

    Dimensions (Volume) - 18 x 11 x 6.2 inches (20L)
    Weight - 3 pounds, 14 ounces
    Colorway - Black (shown), Coyote, MultiCam (+$24)
    MSRP - $240
    URL - http://www.hazard4.com/

    One look at the Hazard 4 Clerk, and we could tell that it's an extremely well-built pack.

  • Tactical Tailor Urban Operator Pack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 18.5 x 12 x 6.25 inches (30L)
    Weight - 2 pounds, 4 ounces
    Colorway - Black (shown), Coyote Brown, MultiCam, Ranger Green
    MSRP - $135
    URL - http://www.tacticaltailor.com/

    For those of us who are looking for a no-nonsense, no-frills backpack, this might be the one you're looking for.

  • Vanquest Trident-20 Backpack

    Dimensions (Volume) - 18.5 x 11 x 6 inches (20L)
    Weight - 2 pounds, 15 ounces
    Colorway - Black (-$10), Coyote Tan (-$10), MultiCam Black (shown), MultiCam, Wolf Grey (-$10)
    MSRP - $165
    URL - http://www.vanquest.com/

    The Trident-20 backpack is worn with its two padded shoulder straps like a regular backpack, but also allows you the option of accessing its interior from its side zipper compartments for access in tight spaces.

  • Vertx EDC Gamut Bag

    Dimensions (Volume) - 22 x 14 x 7 inches (28L)
    Weight - 4 pounds, 2 ounces
    Colorway - Black with Red Trim (shown), Black, Smoke Grey
    MSRP - $200
    URL - http://www.wearvertx.com/

    All business all the time, this pack was designed specifically to accommodate both a 15-inch laptop and a full-sized handgun simultaneously.


What If A Devastating Earthquake Rips Apart Your City

As the fake yellow boat bobs on its underwater track, you're surprised by the rumbling that you feel just as you take a seat next to your daughter and son-in-law. Must be the ride,you think, as you can barely contain your excitement of having mechanical dinosaurs pop out at you. But as the other passengers sit down in the rows behind you, you have a sense that something is wrong with this Jurassic Park ride. Very wrong. The mild trembling increases to bone-rattling vibrations. Soon the typical screams of delight and surprise you've been hearing all day at Universal Studios change to shrieks of genuine fear.

As the first cracks appear in the nearby concrete, your mind finally assembles the pieces — this is an earthquake! The shaking magnifies, almost throwing you from the boat. The roof over the waiting area begins to come apart, raining down faux logs and thatches upon the amusement park-goers. Then the ground starts to open up…

In this edition of “What If?” we wonder what would happen if the “Big One” finally hits a city like Los Angeles and your family is caught in a massive earthquake. If the San Andreas fault line finally produces a series of devastating tremors, it'll affect millions of Southern California residents in different ways across dozens, if not hundreds of miles, so no one survival strategy would work best for everyone. So, in an OFFGRID first, we asked a trio of writers to each take on a different scenario affected by the same natural disaster.

First is Patrick McCarthy — a freelance journalist, lifelong outdoor enthusiast, and frequent OFFGRID contributor — who has been tasked to assume the persona of a financial hot shot working in downtown Los Angeles when the quake hits. Next up is Erik Lund — a federal law enforcement agent with a vast array of tactical and survival expertise — who tackles what it'd be like to be an off-duty police officer stuck in a sea of cars on the Pacific Coast Highway. And myself, I have been a survival instructor for the past 20 years, and am the author of a new book on survival and emergency preparedness, How To Survive Anything (yes, even earthquakes). I'm handling the hypothetical scenario in the opening of this article. These are our stories of rising above the rubble.

Average Joe: Patrick McCarthy's Approach

The Scenario

Survival Situation
An 8.9-magnitude earthquake

Your Crew
You, your executive assistant, and an office full of coworkers

Location
Downtown Los Angeles

Season
Late summer

Weather
Highs in the 90s F

The Setup: You're a single 40-year-old financial hot shot with an even hotter girlfriend. You work in one of the huge office towers in downtown Los Angeles and live in Pacific Palisades. You work with Natalie, your 55-year-old executive assistant, and about 15 other people in your immediate department.

The Complication: It's a blisteringly hot day in late August. You're in the office finishing up the workday when an 8.9-magnitude earthquake rocks not just downtown Los Angeles, but the entire Southern California area. It rips up concrete, topples buildings, ruptures gas lines, and shuts down electricity. Fortunately, your office tower is still standing thanks to the seismic design in the building's foundation, but inside it looks like a bomb has gone off. Shattered glass. Broken ceiling and walls. Toppled tables and shelves. People are screaming, if they're not on the floor covered in debris. And you wake up to find yourself lying on the ground, blood dripping from your forehead and Natalie crouching over you, trying to help.

My highly structured life was thrown into chaos. The day started out normally. I got up at 5:30, went for a run, made a smoothie, and got ready for work. I'd planned on going with Jess to that Italian place tonight, so I decided to take the Porsche. I showed up at the office around 7, and as I got off the elevator, Natalie greeted me with the morning's agenda and iced Americano. After checking my email and giving the portfolio a onceover, the morning dissolved into consultation calls and spreadsheets.

Suddenly, a distant rumble forced me to pause my call mid-sentence. Within seconds, the rumble had become a deafening roar, and the floor started pitching and rolling like some deranged amusement park ride. I managed to duck under my desk as light fixtures shattered to the floor nearby. That was the last thing I remember before blacking out.

I came to with Natalie leaning over me, frantically asking, “Are you OK?!” She had pulled me from underneath my collapsed desk, unconscious. Apparently part of the rafters had come down right on top of me, but the thick mahogany desk shielded my body from most of the impact. (It better have — I spent nearly 10 grand on that thing.) However, my head was bleeding profusely, and I knew I need to put some pressure on it immediately. Other than a few cuts and scratches, Natalie was unscathed. She grabbed the first-aid kit from my closet and helped me wrap the wound in gauze and tape. Holding my palm to my head to slow the blood flow, I cautiously stood up to survey the damage.

My corner office was a wreck. Toppled bookshelves, smashed flat-screen, ceiling tiles and concrete chunks littered the floor. I felt uneven ridges beneath the carpet, indicating the building's structure might have been compromised — we had to get out of here before the inevitable aftershocks. Natalie and I stumbled out of my office to find yet more damage. The cubicles were in ruins, and the roof on the far side of the room had partially collapsed. Fortunately, it looked like everyone else in the office has already left — how long was I knocked out?

Before heading for the emergency exit, I remembered the get-home bag I stashed in my office. Its contents were pretty basic, but had enough supplies to last the day. I also pulled out the .38 revolver I secretly kept locked in the office. Memories of the 1992 riots never truly faded from my mind.

what-if-a-devastating-earthquake-rips-apart-your-city-injuries

With the bag over my shoulder and the revolver in my pocket, Natalie and I started making our way down the dimly lit emergency stairway. After descending four of the 12 floors, an aftershock hit. Natalie and I leaned into the corner as dust rained down. We could hear the building's structure groaning and cracking around us, but miraculously it held. Once the oscillations subsided, we continued down to the lobby. Incredibly, the massive chandelier still dangled in the atrium's center, swaying lazily back and forth like a pendulum. We stuck close to the wall and clambered over debris, finally stepping onto the street through the gaping hole where a thick glass pane once was.

Basketball-sized chunks of rubble were strewn along the sidewalk, and Wilshire Boulevard's asphalt was rippled and cracked as far as I could see in both directions. Hundreds of businesspeople congregated in the streets, some slumped over on the curb staring into their useless cell phones, others wandering aimlessly in shock. Knowing that another aftershock might be coming, we needed to get away from the multi-story buildings as soon as possible. I also told Natalie that I needed to find Jess at her law office just a few miles away; Natalie agreed. Our building's attached parking structure had completely collapsed — I guessed that didn't bode well for the Porsche — so we proceeded on foot.

After marching about four blocks, we were hit with another aftershock. We weren't far from an aging 13-story building when I noticed it starting to buckle — it was coming down! Natalie and I ducked into an alley on our right just as the structure crumbled, sending down an avalanche of concrete and sending up a dust cloud. I quickly grabbed two dust masks and two safety goggles from my get-home bag. I'd seen buildings collapse on the news, and we didn't want that choking gray cloud of debris lining our lungs or getting in our eyes. Donning the masks, we moved on through the haze that enveloped the street.

After it cleared, I noticed that my head wound was only oozing a bit. The last place I wanted to go during this pandemonium was a hospital.

Five more blocks passed, and things hadn't gotten any better. I wondered how much of the state was affected? We approached the towering law office Jess works at to find it still standing. Sure, all the glass was shattered, but the structure was virtually undamaged — apparently there was something to that new earthquake-resistant construction after all. I recognized one of Jess's coworkers out front, and she pointed me in her direction. Thank God, she was OK! After giving Jess a monstrous hug and a kiss, I discussed with her and Natalie what to do next. We decided to head for MacArthur Park down the street. At least it would get us away from these crumbling buildings and into some open space.

The park was crowded, and it appeared that LAPD had set up a makeshift aid station on one corner. I heard one of the officers say that the epicenter was in Pasadena, about 10 miles away. If it was this bad here, I couldn't even imagine what it must have been like there. We headed for the other end of the park, found some shade, and finally sat down. My bag had enough water and protein bars to last until morning, and I still had the .38 revolver, so at least we could stay here in relative safety until we found a way to get back home.

Having lived in California my whole life, the idea of a “Big One” on the San Andreas fault was talked about ad nauseam. TV newscasters said it was inevitable, and Hollywood made movies about it, but it always seemed like one big running joke … “Sure, the weather here is great and all, but you never know when we're going to break off and fall into the Pacific!” I'll tell you one thing: I'm not laughing now.

Federal Agent: Erik Lund's Approach

The Scenario

Survival Situation
An 8.9-magnitude earthquake

Your Crew
Just you

Location
Seal Beach, California (30 miles south of Los Angeles)

Season
Late summer

Weather
Highs in the 90s F

The Setup: You're a 35-year-old male who works as an officer for the Los Angeles Police Department, but you live about 30 miles south in Seal Beach, Orange County (partly so you don't live in the jurisdiction you work in, but mostly because it's beautiful and, as a surfer, you enjoy living along the coast).

The Complication: While driving on the Pacific Coast Highway (PCH), the “Big One” rocks not just Seal Beach, but the entire Southern California area. It rips up concrete, topples buildings, ruptures gas lines, and shuts down electricity. People are screaming if they're not crushed under rubble. Traffic is ground to a halt as everyone figures out what's happening.

It didn't hit me at first. Mentally, that is. Driving a vehicle on the highway during an earthquake was definitely a strange experience and one that took a few moments to register. Driving south on PCH and watching an entire mountainside of land and road disintegrate and fall into the Pacific Ocean was my first clue that things just got serious. I slammed on my brakes and narrowly stopped in time before running off a newly formed cliff; those in front of me weren't so fortunate. Once the violent shaking stopped, I jumped out of my truck to take a look at what I just witnessed. How do you process an entire section of highway just disappearing into the ocean? I wanted to go right to the edge and look over, to see what's left and to see if I could help, but it was just too dangerous. My whole concept of terra firma had just been radically redefined, and I wasn't about to let the earth swallow me too if I could help it.

I scrambled back to my truck, thinking about my options. Aftershocks were to be expected with an earthquake this severe. I needed to get off of what's left of PCH right away before more sections of road crumbled beneath me. Then I needed to plan my next steps.

Dozens of people were wandering around, trying to make calls or send texts, but it was pointless. The entire communications grid had either been destroyed or was totally overloaded with calls. Nothing was getting through for a long time. Just then a text alert tone on my phone snapped me back to reality. It was an automated text message from the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), which maintains a separate satellite communications system for emergency responders. It informed me that the Los Angeles Police Department's disaster response emergency plan was now in effect and all personnel were to report to their duty stations as soon as practically possible. The last part always struck me as funny — “as soon as practically possible.” How was anything possible now? After almost 14 years as an LAPD officer, I thought I'd seen most everything there was to see, but this was just surreal. Still, I confirmed receipt of the message. At least someone would know I'm alive since I responded, I hoped. Now, it was time to get out of here and find my way to the EOC field station.

But I paused. I needed to be certain, my conscious spoke up. I couldn't leave anyone down there. I jumped into the Ford Raptor and eased it forward as close to the edge of the crumbling pavement as I dared. Leaving the truck running, I went to the bed of the pickup and pulled out a 50-foot tow strap. I looped the strap around my waist and attached it to the front strap hook on the truck. Two young guys wandered up and asked me what was happening. I told them I was with the LAPD and that we needed to check to see if anyone was alive down there. Surprisingly, they offered to help.

what-if-a-devastating-earthquake-rips-apart-your-city-traffic-jam

I quickly told them the plan: “I'm going to crawl to the edge and see if I can see anything down below. If the edge gives way and I fall down, grab the strap and pull me up. If you can't, then slowly back up the truck and it will pull me up.” They nodded in agreement. I noticed more people starting to wander up to watch the show.

Confident the strap was secured to my truck and, more importantly, to me, I crawled on my hands and knees toward the edge. As I got within a few feet of the edge, I transitioned to a low crawl, chest to the asphalt. Peering over the edge, I saw nothing — no vehicles, no people. Anything that was on the highway was now crushed under a mountainside of dirt and in the ocean. I offered a silent prayer and worked my way back from the edge. After a few feet, I stood and went back to the truck. By now, a small crowd of about 15 people had gathered around my truck as word has quickly spread that I was a cop. One of the young men asked if I saw anything. I could feel the entire group looking at me. Subtly, I shook my head, “Nothing.” The solemnness of the moment caught everyone. The look in everyone's eyes expressed the exact same thought: That could have been me.

From the back of the group, in an almost imperceptible low voice, came the question everyone was thinking, “What do we do now?” I took a breath. “OK, people,” I said in my most calm yet authoritative voice. “Let's get in our vehicles and slowly head back up the highway. We'll try to work our way back until you can get a clear route to your homes.” As the crowd slowly dispersed, a voice in the back shouts, “We can't!”

A woman cut through the group to get to me as the others stopped to listen to her: “About a half mile back, around the bend, the same thing happened. I saw the road in my rearview mirror fall into the ocean. A huge section is gone. We're trapped here.” I asked her if she was certain. “Positive,” she responded. A murmur of panic spread through the crowd. F*ck me! How the hell am I supposed to get to the EOC field station now? I think while trying to maintain my calm exterior. The shaking ground quickly snapped me out of my thoughts. “Aftershock!” someone shouted. The ground rolled and wobbled violently. Another section of road, the same section I was just looking over, disappeared down into the ocean! Everyone tried to maintain their footing under the violent shaking. The aftershock lasted just 15 seconds, but it felt like an eternity. And the damage and the implications were crystal clear. This area was not safe and we need to move — now! The big question was how?

I yelled for everyone to listen up. The group settled down and looked at me. “We need to leave this area immediately!” I said. “How many of you have four-wheel-drive rigs?” Three hands go up. “OK, we're going to drive right up over that small embankment and start driving inland away from the highway,” I commanded. “I don't care whose land it is or what's in front of us. We're getting out of here. Take only what you need from your cars and get into the trucks. Children inside the cabs, the rest of you climb into the beds if you need more room. We're not leaving anyone so squeeze in tight.”

Five minutes later, and the three other loaded trucks lined up behind my Raptor, ready to leave. I had several small children and a woman named Carmen inside my truck. I looked at the kids and asked, “Who's ready for an adventure!” In unison, they yelled, “We are!” I looked at Carmen, and she let a little smile slip out from behind her nervous expression. “Let's roll,” I said with a smile. I eased the truck up the grassy embankment and started driving inland, away from the newly formed coastline.

Unsure of what other destruction I might encounter, I figured I was hours away from getting to L.A. to report for duty. But at least I was fighting my way to safety and helping some folks along the way. I was keeping my fingers crossed that there would still be an EOC field station when I got there.

Survival Expert: Tim MacWelch's Approach

The Scenario

Survival Situation
An 8.9-magnitude earthquake

Your Crew
You, your wife, your daughter, your son-in-law, and your granddaughter

Location
Universal Studios Hollywood (9 miles north of Los Angeles)

Season
Late summer

Weather
Highs in the 90s F

The Setup: Hailing from Ohio, you're a 55-year-old who's on vacation with his wife (Joanne), your 25-year-old daughter (Natalie), your 26-year-old son-in-law (George), and your 1-year-old granddaughter (Dorothy).

The Complication: You're boarding the Jurassic Park ride along with your daughter and son-in-law. Disappointingly, your wife Joanne is too faint-of-heart to go on this ride, so she volunteers to wait just outside the ride entrance with your 1-year-old granddaughter. Just as you're allowed to board one of the ride's “boats,” the mega quake rocks not just the theme park, but the entire Southern California area. Chaos erupts, as people aren't sure what to do or where to go next. You look to your left and find your son-in-law's toes and left sandal crushed by a metal pole.

When the quake finally stopped, I couldn't ignore the pain of being tossed about like a rag doll. But looking over at my son-in-law, I know he was in a bad place. His face was pale. He was gritting his teeth and looking downward. I followed his gaze and was shocked to see the small pool of blood and piece of metal pinning his left foot to the floor panel of the ride. A support pole holding up the roofing for the nearby waiting area had fallen partially onto the boat — and on George's foot. I pulled up on the pole, but it wouldn't budge. Natalie was still seated between us, immobile and in shock. Fearful that the piping had pierced George's foot, I tried again. The pole moved a little. Frustrated, I looked around for help, but the ride attendants and fellow park-goers were all in varying states of pain and distress.

We needed to help ourselves. I looked at Natalie. “I need you to focus!” I told her. “You need to help me lift this up and off.” I told George to lift, too. With six hands gripping the metal pipe, we hoisted the pole, and George slides his foot free. The wound looks awful and is now bleeding profusely. This can be dangerous for him, but a huge aftershock could be fatal for all of us. We have to bind George's foot, find the rest of the family, and get to open ground where no more debris could fall on us.

I knew we had to get George mobile. I'd never been particularly fond of the fellow, but he had been a good husband and father so far. Seeing him put on a brave face for my daughter gave me a newfound respect for him. He said to go ahead and find Joanne and the baby, but I refused — we would stick together. I used one of Natalie's extra shirts as a dressing for George's foot. Then, with George in between us, Natalie and I lifted him. We began to hobble forward. The going was rough for us. The smooth walkways of the park were now jagged, broken chunks of asphalt and concrete. The path was littered with the dead, dying, and injured, who were having the time of their lives mere minutes ago. As our trio staggered toward the place where we last parted with Joanne, the sight of the injured children hit me the hardest. The crying and screaming of the young was almost deafening.

It seemed to be taking hours to traverse the 50 yards or so to where my wife and granddaughter had been waiting, but I was sure it was only a few minutes. A strong wave of nausea sickened me when I saw the bench where they had been sitting crushed beneath a fallen palm tree. But they weren't there. They were missing, but at least we still had hope.

I called my wife with my mobile phone, but the lines were jammed, no doubt by tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of people desperately calling to check on friends and family. I tried several more times, only to hear to maddening beeping that indicated the system was swamped I remembered that data might work more reliably than voice calls during disasters so I tried texting her as well. Where would she go with the baby? She would have tried to get to us, I thought. And then I heard the crying. A different cry that sounded familiar. And as I turned toward it, I saw my scratched and dirty wife emerging from the bushes next to the path — baby Dorothy in her arms, squalling and struggling to get free, reaching for her mother and father. The quake had knocked my wife off her feet several times, and the final time she ended up stumbling over a downed trash can and landing in the bushes. The reunion of parents and children would have been touching at any other time, but we were all just numb from the weight of the tragedy.

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With the group together again, we weighed our responsibilities and our needs. George's foot hadn't stopped bleeding, and he needed proper dressings immediately. We stopped at every nearby souvenir shop and information desk, hoping the park officials would have emergency services set up. But they were all swamped with people more severely injured than George.

Then my wife reminded me about the medical kit in the car that we always traveled with. There was food and water in there as well. The only problem was that the parking lot was clear across the other side of the park. After a quick discussion, we decided that we couldn't rely on the park's overwhelmed paramedics and security guards. We had to fight our way to the car. So, we began our slow trek through the rubble and the chaos. On her last fall, my wife hurt her hip, so her movement was as slow as George's. Natalie had to hold the baby in one arm while supporting her husband on the other side.

Fortunately, we must have had a guardian angel watching over us, because a voice called out: “Hurry! Hop on.” I turned to find a park attendant driving up in an electric vehicle. Thanking him profusely, I helped get George and Joanne into the back of his maintenance cart. I told him we needed to get to the parking lot to get our medical supplies in our car.

Without saying much, he floored the pedal. Under any other circumstances, I would have been frustrated by the cart's measly top speed of 15 mph, but today I was more than grateful to be able to wheel around the pandemonium. He got us as far as the park entrance before dropping us off. “There's still a lot more people back there who need my help,” our guardian angel said before speeding off.

The multi-level parking structure had collapsed and the sight of the adjacent parking lot was hardly a relief. It was if some giant toddler had strewn his toy cars around in a frustrated fit. Some vehicles were untouched and neatly sitting in their rows, while others slid off upheaved sections of earth and pavement and pancaked into other cars. Still more vehicles were nose down in deep crevasses. Thankfully the sign post near our parking spot was still standing, and we quickly found our car. The right side was pinned by the neighboring vehicle, but the left side was clear. I fished out my keys and opened the hot car. We lowered the windows, opened the two free doors, and blasted the A/C to cool the interior.

My wife, a retired nurse, pulled out the medical bag and went to work on George's foot. She cleaned the wound and dressed his injury. As she worked, we listened to the news on the car radio: “…an 8.9 earthquake has leveled homes and businesses throughout the county and nearby areas.” I changed the station, hoping for news that wasn't so obvious: “Stay in your homes and be prepared for multiple aftershocks…”

When my wife finished with George, she looked at me with a peculiar expression. She looked ashamed. The words “survivor's guilt” flickered in my mind for a moment, but I didn't have time to explore the thought. “We have to help the others,” she said matter-of-factly, the way she does when she's stating not asking. “I know,” I replied. We set up George, Natalie, and the baby as comfortably as we could at the car. And with the threat of aftershocks and God knows what else still in my mind, my dedicated wife and her reluctant husband hauled the medical bag and went back into the park.

Conclusion

Although this story is a work of fiction, an earthquake of this magnitude is a real possibility. An 9.0 off-shore earthquake shook Japan on March 11, 2011, creating a 30-foot-tall tsunami and taking the lives of over 15,000 people. This natural disaster also created a technological disaster, when the Fukushima power plant was destroyed and subsequently released radiation into the air and the sea water.

Less severe, but closer to our story, 60 lives were lost in the Northridge, California, earthquake of 1994, which was a mere 6.7 on the Richter scale. Have no doubt that an 8.9-magnitude quake in a densely populated area would be a disaster the likes of which we've not seen in modern times. And while there's no way to predict exactly what the future holds, it's a safe bet that natural disasters like this will continue to happen, just as they've happened since the birth of this planet. For those living in an earthquake-prone area, take steps to ensure your family's survival. Stock up on supplies that will support you in the aftermath of the disaster. Keep some supplies at home, at work, and in your vehicle. Make plans for your family's actions during a quake. Have a rally point in case you're separated and the phones are out.

Above all, take this threat seriously. You don't have to move or become a shut-in — just be aware that a disaster like this can happen at any time. And while no one can stop a tremor from happening, anyone can take steps to be better prepared in the event of an earthquake.

Meet Our Panel

Tim MacWelch

Tim MacWelch has been a survival instructor for more than 20 years, training people from all walks of life, including members from all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces, the State Department, DOD, and DOJ personnel. He’s a frequent public speaker for preparedness groups and events. He’s also the author of three New York Times-bestselling survival books, and the new Ultimate Bushcraft Survival Manual. When he’s not teaching survival or writing about it, MacWelch lives a self-reliant lifestyle with his family in Virginia. Check out his wide range of hands-on training courses that are open to the public at www.advancedsurvivaltraining.com.

Erik Lund

Erik Lund has more than 20 years of law enforcement experience - with much of that time spent as an instructor of frearms, defensive tactics, and use of force. He served as a Virginia State Trooper before accepting a position as a federal agent. Lund is also a senior instructor at Mike Seeklander’s Shooting-Performance LLC, a tactical training company. As a champion competitive shooter, he’s earned several regional, state, and national three-gun titles and is ranked as a grandmaster by the United States Practical Shooting Association.

Patrick McCarthy

pmccarthyoffgrid@gmail.com Patrick McCarthy is the Editor-in-Chief of Recoil Offgrid magazine. He is a writer and photographer with an avid interest in survival and the outdoors. Patrick made his first foray into journalism as the Associate Editor of Truckin magazine, traveling to truck and offroad events around the country. He later moved on to become a freelance contributor to several Enthusiast Network titles, providing editorial content and photography. Patrick currently resides near Phoenix, Arizona.


What If A Hacker Brings Down The Grid?

Was it betrayal? Was that the sickening feeling that grew in my stomach as the skulls on my monitor began to pinwheel? They spun and they laughed. It felt like they were laughing at me. Computers were my life, and my livelihood. How could they turn against me like this?

My intern, Mimi, stood behind me, peering over my shoulder at the demonic images unfolding, unwelcomed on the computer screen. I knew exactly what this was. This was the work of some high-level hacker, or a group of them. How big was this event, I wondered. If they hacked Google, what other systems did they get into? No sooner than I completed that thought, I discovered another place they had entered. The lights, the monitor, the AC, and all of the other powered devices in the office suddenly shut down, all at once. Mimi quietly gasped as the office went dark. She gripped my shoulder.

“What's going on?” she asked, trying not to sound scared.

“It's not good, Mimi.” I said as the weight of the situation settled on me. “I think the electrical grid has been hacked.”

This edition of “What If?” poses the question many of us have asked since the rise of the Digital Age: What if a computer hacker brings down the grid? To find different approaches to this technological disaster, your favorite urban survival magazine asked three different writers to tell you a tale about surviving this scenario. In this installment, we introduce you to first-time “What If?” contributor, but long-time writer, Jim Cobb. Not only has he published numerous survival books, he's also a well-respected disaster preparedness consultant. Returning to the fold is Erik Lund, a federal law enforcement agent with a vast array of tactical and survival expertise. And then there's me. I have been a professional survival instructor for the past 19 years and am the author of a new book on survival and emergency preparedness, How To Survive Anything.

Here's what happens when we wave goodbye to computers, electricity, law, order, and civility.

The Scenario

Survival Situation
Computer hack leads to a grid-down scenario

Your Crew
You and a college intern, Mimi

Location
Houston, Texas

Season
Autumn

Weather
Normally in the 70s F, but unusually hot in the 80s with high humidity

The Setup: You're a female graphic designer in your early 30s and have a small but successful creative agency doing artwork, marketing, and website design for various small businesses and non-profit organizations. Your boutique is located in the trendy Washington Avenue Arts District. It's 7 p.m., and the sun's starting to set after a hot and humid day full of sunshine.

The Complication: You go to Google to confirm how your client's website looks via a search engine, but rather than the usual white page with the Google logo, you find instead a black page with morbid skulls and an ominous threat: “You are all pawns. Wake up or sleep forever. You've been warned.” Both you and Mimi get the same menacing webpage on your smartphones. Then, it appears on all the websites and apps you visit. You turn on your office's TV to find that all the news stations are reporting about this online phenomenon. As time passes, the broadcasters report breaking news of blackouts in downtown Houston and other parts of town. After some time, they start showing footage of some skirmishes between looters and police. Then, the power in your shop goes out. You realize the whole arts district has fallen prey to the same situation that's happening on the news. How far does this online attack go?

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Disaster-Prep Expert: Jim Cobb's Approach

I knew as soon as the lights went out that we'd waited too long. Mimi and I should have beat feet as soon as the first news reports about the hack began to surface. Instead, we just sort of assumed things would return to normal quickly, just like always. I mean, we'd had power outages before, but they'd never lasted more than a few hours at the most. This, though…this was different.

The good news was that the temperature outside had dropped considerably. It was still pretty darn hot, but at least it wasn't sweltering. The bad news was that, like in any city, the freaks came out at night. And that was during “normal” times. There was nothing normal about what was happening. The news reports had mentioned several incidents of looting and rioting. And, unfortunately, several of the spots they'd indicated were between us and Mimi's apartment complex.

Even so, I figured her apartment was a more realistic goal, at least for now, than trying to get to my house 7 miles away. Mimi could usually bike from my studio to her apartment in about 10 minutes. Walking, it was about triple that, give or take – so we hoped, at least.

There was still enough ambient light to see our way around the studio a bit as we gathered supplies. Mimi said that she didn't have much food in her apartment, so we wanted to bring with us as much as we could with us. Which really was sort of laughable, given the meager stocks on hand. I mean, c'mon, this was a marketing business, not a supermarket. If this would've happened a couple of months ago, though, we'd have been set. One of our clients, a small but growing publisher, previously had us handle a book release party for them. While it was a great success, we had leftover cheese, hors d'oeurves, and other finger food in the fridge for what seemed like weeks. All of those goodies were long gone.

While I scanned the shelves in my break-room's kitchenette, I asked Mimi to pull all of the batteries from our digital cameras. I had a couple of small flashlights that took the same size batteries. Thankfully, our cameras used AA batteries rather than battery packs. For once, my avoidance of buying the latest and greatest photography gear worked in my favor.

Mimi had her ever-present messenger bag, and I had my small backpack that served as a purse as well as briefcase. We emptied our bags of all non-essential stuff to make as much room as possible. I hated the thought of leaving my laptop, as I'd already convinced myself the studio would be gutted by looters. But, as a business asset it was insured against theft, so I had that going for me, at least. We filled each bag with water bottles, sleeves of crackers, and apples.

I knew the basic route to Mimi's building, having driven her home a couple of times, but didn't know the neighborhood that well. Being that we'd have to take a roundabout way to get there, hopefully avoiding the looting and such, I figured we'd better take the time to make a plan and check a map of the city. I was embarrassed to admit the first thing I did at that point was pull out my phone to go to Google Maps. Old habits die hard, I guess. As I was racking my brain, trying to remember if the gas station down the block had maps – assuming they were even still open during the power outage – Mimi suddenly jumped up and ran over to the reception desk. I swear, I could almost literally see a light bulb burning over her head as she rummaged through the desk drawers.

I heard her exclaim, “Yes!” and she came back and sat down, setting on the table the Yellow Pages. My puzzled look was answer enough so she opened it up and rifled through the first few pages. Street maps! I'd forgotten that phone books often had maps in the front or back. Now we were in business. We plotted a route that would take us around the areas we already knew were bad news, keeping our fingers crossed that we'd avoid the looters and rioters. Even so, safety was still a concern.

Neither Mimi nor I carried a handgun, though I'd grown up around guns and could shoot fairly well. She at least had a small canister of pepper spray. She said her boyfriend had insisted she carry it when she began riding her bike back and forth to the studio. I thought for a moment then walked back to the kitchenette. From a drawer there, I pulled a large bread knife. The blade was about 8 inches long and serrated. It was pretty thin, but I knew it was sharp. I had no idea if I'd be able to actually use it to harm someone, but I felt better knowing I was armed. Since I had little interest in sliding a sharp blade down the back of my pants, I grabbed the empty cardboard box from the crackers we'd put in our bags. Folding the cardboard over the blade a couple of times, then cutting it to size and covering it with duct tape, I made a fairly decent sheath. I slipped it into my belt at the small of my back. Not the greatest solution, but it would have to work for now.

The basic plan was to get over to Mimi's apartment and spend the night there. Mimi's roommate, Victoria, was out of town visiting family and had left her bicycle behind. If the trains weren't running in the morning, I could borrow the bike to get back to my house. While Mimi's apartment building wasn't really on my way home, it was still closer to it than my studio, in a roundabout sort of way.

I tried calling my neighbor to see if she could run over and check on Vinny, my Maine Coon cat, but neither Mimi nor I could get a call to go through on our cells. The phones would just search for a signal for a few minutes, then disconnect. There was no dial tone on the landline, either.

We headed out the back door, after making sure all of the blinds and curtains were completely closed at the front of the studio. I figured there was a slim chance looters might pass it by if they couldn't see anything worth grabbing. Mimi unlocked her bike and began pushing it. Our initial plan had been to sling our bags onto the handlebars, but once we were actually outside, we were both very reluctant to do so. If we suddenly had to bolt, the bike would probably be left behind. I toyed with the idea of just leaving the bike locked up, but figured it wasn't much extra effort for one of us to push it and we might end up needing it at some point.

The city was surreal. I'd never seen it so dark. No streetlights, no neon lights over the restaurants and taverns – it was downright spooky. I could see candles or oil lamps in a few windows as we walked by apartment buildings. The occasional passing car shone like a beacon, as there was nothing else competing with the light from the headlamps. Mimi and I talked in whispered tones, instinctively wanting to match the darkness with quiet.

We stuck to the side streets as much as possible. Despite the late hour, there were a lot of people walking around. Most of them were just hanging out, talking to their neighbors, presumably about the blackout and related matters. There were a few small groups here and there that caused us some concern, but we managed to avoid being accosted. Thanks to the maps we'd torn from the phone book, we got lost only once.

After just shy of an hour of walking, we made it to Mimi's building. Rather than leave the bike locked on the rack outside, we took it into the apartment with us. Then, just to be safe, we went back downstairs and grabbed Victoria's bike, too. I turned on one of the flashlights and balanced it on its butt on a table, lighting up much of the room. Mimi quickly pulled down the shades and closed the curtains in the living room. A bit of searching through drawers found a few candles and some matches. The food in the fridge was still somewhat cool so we grabbed milk, lunchmeat, and some odds and ends for dinner. I told Mimi that whatever we didn't eat soon would end up just going to waste unless the power came back on overnight. She had some ice in the freezer, but didn't have any coolers, unfortunately. We each took quick, lukewarm showers. Obviously the building had electric water heaters rather than gas. But the fact that we had running water was a blessing.

Cleaned up and with full stomachs, we settled in for the night. We each said a prayer that things would be back to normal by morning.

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Federal Agent: Erik Lund's Approach

The darkness only lasted for a few seconds before the boutique's emergency lights activated. I could feel Mimi's grip on my arm starting to relax. The emergency lights created an eerie mix of light and shadow that almost resembled some private party room in the basement of a nightclub.

“What do we do now?” Mimi asked.

“There's nothing more we can do,” I replied. “Let's get everything locked up and try to find a way home.”

After shutting down the computers and securing some important documents and computer hard drives in the studio's safe, it was time to find a way home.

I wiped away the sweat from my forehead. The power had only been out about 15 minutes, but it was already getting warm inside the boutique. The stagnant air was thick and humid with no options for relief. The idea of opening the windows and front door for circulation was out of the question. Even if it was cooler outside, doing so would risk inviting in the wrong people – the kind who were looking to take advantage of the situation and possibly loot the place. No, the doors and windows would have to be locked, but that also meant that we would have to leave. It wouldn't take long before the temperature inside the store would climb into the 80s. Trying to sleep in this virtual oven would be nearly impossible, and staying up all night in a sweatbox wasn't an attractive option, either.

Getting home was my only real option, and it wasn't going to be easy. My house was only a quick 7-mile train ride away, but trekking that distance in heels was simply not going to happen. I made a mental note to myself: “Leave a set of running shoes at the office from now on.” If I ever had to walk home again, I would be better prepared next time.

I decided my first option was to phone a friend for a ride. I wiped away the sweat and started scrolling through my phone, looking for someone close to hit up for a ride home. Ahh, Joshua will do it. A quick second later and his phone started ringing. Then my heart sank a little – his phone went to voicemail. “Damn!” I yelled out of frustration and a bit of panic. Mimi handed me a cold bottle of water and a cup of yogurt she had snagged from the break-room's refrigerator. “Here take these while they're still cold,” Mimi said. “We never did stop for dinner.” I looked at her and smiled and remembered why I had selected her from all of the intern applications. Despite her fear of the dark, she had a strong work ethic and always offered good options for getting the job done. “Thanks,” I said. “That sounds perfect right now.”

I sat down and sent a quick text to Joshua explaining my situation and then started to eat my yogurt. Mimi asked, “So what's the plan?” Thinking through my options for a second, I said, “I can't walk home in these heels, so it looks like I'm just gonna wait for Joshua to get back to me. I can always call a cab to take me home, but don't worry about me. You've got your bike – you should go home. I'll be OK.” Mimi cast a very disapproving motherly look at me. “Uh, no, I'm not leaving you alone,” she said. “I'm staying with you. We'll get home together.” I smiled and gave her a look of thank you. I didn't want to be alone, but I couldn't ask her to stay with me, so I was very glad to hear her say that. “OK, let's figure out how to get us home,” I said.

After trying for almost a half hour, all of the cab companies were booked. Apparently, a lot of people in the Arts District work late and needed rides home too. I was on a callback list for when a cab became available, but the waitlist was long and it might be several more hours before my turn came up. We started calling ridesharing services, but that's when the phone lines stopped working. The network was probably overwhelmed or affected by the black out, too. The heat in the store was almost unbearable, and my shirt was now almost completely soaked. I said to Mimi, “I need to get some air; I'm going to go outside.” Mimi nodded, and went with me to unlock the front door. Stepping outside provided some relief. A gentle breeze made all the difference. It was still hot, but it felt cooler outside than it did in the store. Looking around the area, everything was still dark except for a few buildings that clearly had emergency generators, as their lights were still working. Still, it was as quiet as a cemetery.

“Let's just go to my apartment,” Mimi said.

“Thanks, but there's no way I can walk 2 miles in heels,” I responded.

Mimi smiled and said, “You won't have to.”

I shoved several bottles of water into Mimi's backpack along with my heels. I grabbed a knife from the break room and taped it to the shoulder strap of the backpack. It was just enough tape to hold the knife in place, but it would break free if I needed to grab it. It wasn't much for defense, but it was better than nothing. I pushed the bike outside and locked the front door. I looked over at Mimi.

“Are you ready?” I asked. Mimi stood up from her stretch and with a smile said, “Yep, try to keep up.”

While I knew a lot about Mimi's professional skills, I knew next to nothing about her personal life. Turns out she was an amateur triathlete, which is one of the reasons that she rode her bike to work every day. It was a way to get in some bike training. She also ran cross-country in high school, but started competing in triathlons when she got into college. She said the 2-mile run home would be just a little warmup for her. I would ride her bike barefoot and carry the pack with our supplies should we need to detour and head away from trouble.

I laughed at her and said, “I don't think it'll be a problem.”

“Challenge accepted,” Mimi said, and took off running.

I started peddling and did my best to keep up. About a mile into the journey we crossed out of the blackout zone. The oppressive heat had brought some people out into the streets looking for relief, but being that the Arts District was a business area, there were very few homes or apartments located in the blackout zone. A short 15 minutes after we started, we arrived at Mimi's apartment complex.

“Home at last,” she said. “Good job keeping up.”

I laughed off the remark, but was ashamed to admit that it about killed me to do so. Note to self: get my fat ass back in the gym and buy a bike, a backpack, and some supplies to keep at the office in case this crap happens again. As I got off the bike and pushed it over to Mimi, she said, “I think it's time for a big glass of wine.”

“Ya know,” I said, “that's the best idea you've had all day.”

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Survival Expert: Tim Macwelch's Approach

I had two questions that I could not answer: How widespread was this hack, and how long would the electricity be down? If the power would be back soon, Mimi and I could just stay at the office. But if not, we might want to get out of Dodge while the getting was good.

But where to go?

I tried several times to call my mom, who lived an hour's drive west of Houston, but the only sound the phone made was a beeping pulse. Mimi got the same noise, desperately trying to call her friends and boyfriend. All of the phone calls of a frightened city must have swamped the system. It sank in slowly that we might be on our own for a while.

Mimi looked like she was ready to bolt, but I lied to her and said that everything would be OK. I knew it wouldn't, but it was what she needed to hear. I asked Mimi what she had at her apartment in the way of food and supplies, and her response was none – Keurig coffee, plastic utensils, and maybe a package of instant ramen or two. She was a college student after all.

Mimi's place was about 3 miles south of the shop, while I lived more than 7 miles away. But at my home I had food, a propane grill to cook the food, and several water cooler jugs of water, among other supplies that I had purchased after the last hurricane. We talked over our options of leaving or staying at the office, even talked about staying at a hotel or trying to hail a cab. Neither of us had much cash though, and we knew that the plastic cards we lived off of would be little help to us with the power out. “Looks like it would be our best choice to go to my house,” I said, and Mimi reluctantly agreed. We talked about taking turns on Mimi's bike, one walking and one riding. But I was afraid that the nice new bike would be a tempting target for theft. I had been robbed for my bike when I first moved to town, and I still had a tiny scar under my chin where my face hit the asphalt during the attack. Again, I urged Mimi to side with my plan – we stick together and we just walk.

We had worked through dinner, before things took their bad turn, and we were both in need of food and drink. We pooled our cash, locked the door, and went a few doors down to the sandwich shop. As we walked, we saw that the street was packed with cars, most of them abandoned. This seemed odd, but we didn't give it much thought at the time.

The doors were open at the eatery and some flashlights had been set about for lighting. The shop owner and his son were the only ones working and the place was packed. It turned out that they were just giving away the food. “It won't keep in this heat,” they said. I had gotten to know the owner and his family since opening my business around the corner. I felt bad asking, but as he handed me and Mimi a brown paper bag of sandwiches, I asked him if they had a car and could give us a ride out of town. He said a car wouldn't do any of us any good. He went on to explain that before the power went out, all of the stoplights went green. The hacker's doing, no doubt. Every intersection had wrecks, and many people had been killed. The ambulances couldn't even get to most of the accidents. Things were far worse than I initially guessed.

I hated to ask him, but I did: “We've going to have to walk several miles in the dark tonight. Can we borrow one of your flashlights?” He looked hesitant at first, but glanced over at the dwindling stack of meats and cheeses. “Sure,” he replied. “At this rate we'll have to close up shop in a few minutes anyway.” I asked where they were headed, hoping they were headed the same way as us, but was crushed when he said they were walking east. My place was to the west.

I took a flashlight, thanking the man and his son profusely. Mimi and I walked quickly back to our office. No more than 10 steps from the sandwich shop, I noticed two men peering into various cars, and thought they were up to no good. Our movement caught their eyes and they began staring at us. The larger man, a fat and sweaty looking oaf, called out, “Hey honey, what's in the bag? What's the matter? Cat got your tongue? You got a place to go for tonight? We've got a place. You can go with us.”

They were about 10 steps behind us as I unlocked the front door, pushed Mimi inside, and locked it behind us. Without a word, we both started drawing the blinds shut. Mimi and I both jumped when one of the men started banging on the door. “We know where you are,” the voice jeered.

Retreating to the back of the office, I tried to dial 911 on my mobile phone, but only heard the beeping again that indicated the lines were jammed. We agreed that any thoughts of staying overnight were out of the question now that we had stalkers.

By the light of the flashlight and the decorative candle from the bathroom, we scavenged the office for everything that could be remotely useful. We found some chocolates at the bottom of a desk drawer and an old bottle of salad dressing from the small fridge in the break-room. There were several bottles of water in there, too, and some odd bits of clothing and a broom in the closet. As I looked at the mismatched items, an idea started to form.

“Mimi, who would you walk right past on the street? Who would you not even look twice at?” I asked her. “A salesman, or one of those guys with fliers,” she responded. She gave several other answers, until she hit the one I was looking for: “A homeless person!”

“Yes,” I said with a growing smile, “a homeless person is ignored by almost everyone.” Every day America allows people to suffer on the streets with very little in place to help them. But today, it was the thing that just might make us invisible.

We still had running water, and in the bathroom we washed off every hint of makeup from our faces. Then, I took a piece of the chocolate and melted it in my hand. I wiped it randomly on Mimi's face and hands, and mine as well. We looked like we hadn't had a bath in a year, but we still smelled of perfume and now chocolate. As I mentioned that hole in our plan, Mimi grabbed the oil and vinegar salad dressing and said, “This is expired – let's try it.” She wiped a handful through her normally pretty hair and soon looked like a greasy drowned rat, a rat that stank of rotting food. I beamed with pride at my crafty protege. “Me next,” I said.

Then I put on an ugly, oversized shirt left at the office by an ex-boyfriend, and Mimi donned a sketchy looking trench coat that a former intern had left behind. A little more chocolate wiped on the clothing made the garments look like they came out of a trash heap. I took up the trash bag from the larger office can, with trash and all. In it I placed our water bottles, brown bag of sandwiches, the chocolates, and our purses. I slung it over my shoulder and handed Mimi the broom. “You carry this – it's the closest thing to a weapon we have,” I said. Just as we were ready to make our exodus into the parking lot behind the shop, there was a banging at the front door like before.

“Hey, girlies!” the man called. “If you open up the door, we'll share some drinks with you!”

I unlocked the back door and we fled, leaving a lit candle on the desk so the men would think we were still inside the office. We ran for the first few blocks, attracting some very strange looks as we went. To the average passerby, it must have looked like one bag lady stole a bag of trash from another bag lady, who was chasing her with a broom.

After a few more blocks, we slowed to a walk and caught our breath. People still looked at us, but quickly averted their eyes and looked at anything else as we passed them by. It was as if they could catch homelessness by looking at us too long. Due to our run through the neighborhood, we reached the freeway sooner than I anticipated. It was gridlocked, with vacant vehicles everywhere. Plenty of people were milling about in the failing light, but our path was relatively clear. We walked side by side on the road, and anyone who glanced our way quickly turned and looked somewhere else.

We paused for a moment, draining two water bottles and sharing a sandwich, but we didn't dare delay too long. As we hid behind a vacant box truck on the freeway, we saw fires spring up on either side of the freeway. Random vehicles, businesses, and homes were burning. This night would never be forgotten by anyone who can survive it.

We walked on and saved our flashlight until the twilight had completely faded and we really needed it. About a mile from my home, people started to approach us in the dark, drawn like moths to the light. Most were asking about the flashlight. But as soon as they drew near, I lifted the light beam to shine upon our faces, as if telling some campfire ghost story. Our appearance and our smell were more than enough to inspire people to say “Sorry, don't worry about it,” and “Never mind, thanks anyway.” One kind older man even offered us some bottles of water, saying that we looked like we could use them. Mimi smiled and said “No, thank you. We're fine now.” Walking down my neighborhood's exit ramp from the highway, I finally felt like we would be fine.

The lie I had told Mimi earlier had turned out to be true. We were going to be OK, but this night could have easily gone another way. And as I saw my house numbers in the dying glow of the flashlight, I knew we were going to be safe – for a little while, anyway.

Conclusion

I hope it was worth it. I hope you're happy with your high-tech world of push-button ease and the inevitable vulnerability that comes along with it. Computer hacking is an everyday part of the modern world, and a looming threat to the modern American way of life.

When a few disenfranchised weirdos living in their mom's basements or a few well-schooled hackers from an opposing ideology are able to steal information, drain bank accounts, shut down utilities, and bring our world to its knees – at the end of the day, we really only have ourselves to blame. We handed them the keys to it all. So what do we do to keep this work of fiction from becoming fact? Should everybody go Amish overnight? No, that's not possible, nor is it the right approach. As individuals, the best we can do is become more self-reliant and more independent from modern technology. This gives us a cushion to fall back on, in any type of crisis. And those of you who are part of big business or are bureaucrats, you need to take hackers as the serious threat they really are. Spend a little of your money to fight them, or lose it all when they shut you down.

Finally, our culture needs to understand that newer, faster, fancier, and more interconnected technologies aren't always a good thing. The more parts there are in a system, the more parts that can fail – or in the case of this story, be used against us. Take this edition of “What If?” very seriously, folks. Don't let your precious computers and high-tech gizmos become the Trojan Horse that gets all of our cities sacked.

Meet Our Panel

Tim MacWelch

Tim MacWelch has been a survival instructor for more than 20 years, training people from all walks of life, including members from all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces, the State Department, DOD, and DOJ personnel. He’s a frequent public speaker for preparedness groups and events. He’s also the author of three New York Times-bestselling survival books, and the new Ultimate Bushcraft Survival Manual. When he’s not teaching survival or writing about it, MacWelch lives a self-reliant lifestyle with his family in Virginia. Check out his wide range of hands-on training courses that are open to the public at www.advancedsurvivaltraining.com.

Jim Cobb

Jim Cobb has studied, practiced, and taught survival strategies for about 30 years and resides in the upper Midwest. His books include Prepper’s Home Defense, Countdown to Preparedness, and Prepper’s Long-Term Survival Guide. Jim’s primary home online is www.survivalweekly.com. He is also active on Facebook at www.facebook.com/jimcobbsurvival. Jim ofers a consulting service as well as educational opportunities at www.disasterprepconsultants.com.

Erik Lund

Erik Lund has more than 20 years of law enforcement experience - with much of that time spent as an instructor of frearms, defensive tactics, and use of force. He served as a Virginia State Trooper before accepting a position as a federal agent. Lund is also a senior instructor at Mike Seeklander’s Shooting-Performance LLC, a tactical training company. As a champion competitive shooter, he’s earned several regional, state, and national three-gun titles and is ranked as a grandmaster by the United States Practical Shooting Association.


Animal Attack Prevention: Part 2

Last week, we featured an article on how to avoid some of America’s most common and dangerous predatory mammals—namely bears, mountain lions, and wolves. This week, we’ll be continuing the same theme, but thinking a little smaller. While the three large predators we focused on last week can certainly pose a threat to survival in the wild, smaller unseen species can be equally dangerous, if not statistically more so.

Remember the 2012 study we cited from the Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Journal? Of the 1,802 animal-related fatalities recorded between 1999 and 2007, 643 were attributed to “venomous snakes and lizards”, “venomous spiders”, “scorpions”, and “hornets, wasps, and bees”. Note that this doesn’t even include non-venomous species of spiders, scorpions, or snakes. It’s also a third of all recorded animal-related fatalities—that’s nothing to scoff at.

So, let’s break down those four categories. First, you have the venomous snakes and lizards. There are only two venomous lizards native to the North American continent—the Mexican beaded lizard and the Gila monster—and only a tiny population of Gila monsters can be found in the United States. The odds of encountering and being attacked by a Gila monster are infinitesimal, so we’ll be omitting them from our discussion and focusing solely on venomous snakes. In our next category, we’ll be combining the two arachnids, spiders and scorpions, as their behaviors and defense strategies are similar. Finally, we’ll talk about aggressive stinging insects—hornets, wasps, and bees.

Snakes

Photo of a rattle snake coiled in the grass. Its natural camouflage makes animal attack prevention difficult.

Appearance: Several types of venomous snakes can be found in the United States, with the four most common being the rattlesnake, the cottonmouth (aka water moccasin), the copperhead, and the coral snake. The first three are classified as pit vipers, and have broad heads with heat-sensing pit organs located between the eye and the nostril. All pit vipers are venomous, so if you see a triangular or diamond-shaped head with openings near the nostrils, keep your distance. Copperheads and cottonmouths are found primarily in the southeastern third of the U.S., but rattlesnakes are found in virtually every state except Alaska.

All varieties of rattlesnake have rattles on their tails (hence the name) and often have a mottled pattern of tan, brown, and black scales. Cottonmouths have a thick brown to black body, and a light “cotton”-colored mouth. Copperheads are usually tan to copper in color, and have a repeating hourglass pattern on their backs.

The coral snake is in its own category, with a slender head and tri-colored bands. You’ve probably heard some variation of the saying “Red on yellow, kill a fellow. Red on black, venom lack.” This can often help identify coral snakes in North America, thanks to their touching bands of red and yellow coloration. However, it’s not always true, so don’t go handling snakes with red-on-black bands (or any other unknown snake, for that matter). Coral snakes are found primarily in the southern coastal states.

Behavior: Pit vipers are typically nocturnal, and most human encounters take place at dusk or dawn. Pit vipers are also ambush predators, and hunt by waiting for prey to approach them—therefore they pose a great threat to humans who stumble upon them at close range. Rattlesnakes (the most common pit vipers in America) may rattle their tails before striking, but cottonmouths and copperheads have no such defense mechanism. Generally, a coiled stance, a raised head, and direct eye contact indicates the snake is preparing to strike.

Coral snakes have extremely potent venom, but are also a minimal danger to humans, with only one reported fatality in the U.S. since 1967. They are generally reclusive, and spend most of their lives under leaf cover, underground, or in some cases, in slow-moving bodies of water such as swamps. You probably won’t ever see a coral snake, but if you do, it will likely be trying to avoid you.

Avoidance Strategy: Snakes prefer resting in cool, dark places most of the day, so be very cautious when moving through thick undergrowth, or when overturning stones or logs. Extra caution should be taken at sunrise and sunset during warm months, as most snakes are active under these conditions. Stick to paths and areas with good ground visibility, and avoid tall grass or brush when possible. Snakes such as the Western Diamondback are experts at camouflage, and can easily hide in plain sight. Most importantly—practice situational awareness, and look and listen carefully before you move.

Defense Strategy: If you see a snake, leave it alone! Never approach within 6 to 10 feet. Carrying a walking stick is wise, as it may enable you to strike and stun the snake if it gets too close. If you spend a lot of time in snake territory, invest in some protective gaiters—they might save your life. Firearms such as shotguns can also be highly effective, but be certain to destroy the snake’s head.

Arachnids (Spiders and Scorpions)

Photo of a black widow spider catching an insect in its web.

Appearance: The two most dangerous spiders in the United States are the black widow and the brown recluse. Bites from both spiders can cause anaphylaxis, tissue necrosis, infection, or very rarely death. Black widows are widespread throughout the states, and have a distinctive black body with a red hourglass marking. Brown recluses, also called fiddlebacks after the dark violin shape on their thorax, are beige to brown with only six eyes. Recluse spiders reside mostly in the southeast and midwest.

Scorpions are found throughout much of the U.S., but the highest concentrations are in the southwestern states. No scorpion in the U.S. has venom powerful enough to kill a healthy adult on its own. However, scorpion stings have the potential to cause anaphylactic shock, necrosis, or infection if left untreated. The 2- to 3-inch light brown Arizona bark scorpion is the most venomous species native to North America.

Behavior: Black widows can be identified by their erratic, tangled web patterns, and are usually found in cluttered dark areas. Brown recluse webs often form bunched-up cave-like shelters in dry wood piles and tree bark. Both spiders will generally try to avoid human contact, and only bite as a last resort.

Scorpions are ambush predators, often hiding underground or under rocks as they wait for prey to approach.  These arachnids are more active and mobile at night during the warm months, but tend to hibernate during the colder months. When threatened, they may raise their claws and stinger before striking.

Avoidance Strategy: Since both spiders and scorpions favor dark corners, crevices, and cluttered spaces, avoid reaching into or touching these areas. If you’re gathering wood or bark for a fire, you may want to use a knife or hatchet to dislodge it before handling. Most bites and stings occur when humans unknowingly surprise these arachnids, so give them fair warning before disturbing their habitats, and they’ll likely avoid you. Remember, you look like a predator to them, and they’ll only defend themselves if it’s absolutely necessary.

Defense Strategy: Wearing gloves, shoes, and covering exposed skin will dramatically limit your risk of injury. Unlike snakes, most arachnids won’t be able to penetrate fabric. Avoid sleeping on the ground or near fallen logs or other debris. Always check unattended clothing, blankets, and shoes before putting them on, and if a black light is available, use it—many arachnids will glow under UV light.

Spider bites and scorpion stings to healthy adults who receive modern medical treatment rarely result in death. However, in a survival situation, antivenom and professional medical care may not be available. So, care must be taken to avoid necrosis, anaphylactic shock, or infection from bites. Carry an epi-pen or other epinephrine source in case of allergic reactions, and be aware that even if you’re not allergic to bees or wasps, you may still be allergic to arachnid venom.

Bees, Wasps and Hornets

Photo of paper wasps building a nest.

Appearance: Honey bees are commonly seen throughout North America, although their population has been dwindling rapidly over the last decade. Honey bees are generally not aggressive to humans, unless defending a hive. However, some varieties such as the “Africanized” or “killer” bees found in the southern U.S. may be more aggressive than others. Bees can typically only sting humans once, as it causes their barbed stinger to be torn out and remain in the skin, leading to their death.

Wasps and hornets differ from bees in that they can sting repeatedly without dying. There is only one true hornet species in the U.S., and most “hornet” sightings are actually wasps. Although many types of wasps are solitary and not aggressive, yellowjackets and paper wasps often do sting humans. Wasps are found in almost every state.

Behavior: Most honey bees only sting in defense of the hive, and will pursue victims for approximately 30 feet. However, Africanized bees may be much more aggressive and can pursue victims for ten times that distance. Individual bees can release pheromones that attract other members of the colony, so if you see a few aggressive bees, more could be on their way.

Yellowjackets are extremely aggressive, and can be identified by their bright yellow-orange stripes and rapid side-to-side flight pattern before landing. Paper wasps are darker in color, and highly territorial around their paper-like nests, but generally only sting when their nest is disturbed.

Avoidance Strategy: Avoid any visible insect hives  whenever possible. Watch for concentrations of bees or wasps entering and exiting an area repeatedly, as this may indicate a hive. Cover as much skin as possible, and do not leave ripe fruits, drink containers, or other food waste outdoors near your camp site. Never try to swat or crush bees or wasps, and avoid rapid movements around them.

Defense Strategy: Bees, wasps, and hornets killed 509 people in the United States between 1999 and 2007, primarily because of repeated stings leading to and anaphylactic shock. However, many repeated stings in a short period can kill, even if you’re not allergic. Getting tested for insect sting allergies ahead of time could save your life, and it’s wise to carry an epi-pen (or two) as well as antihistamines such as Benadryl. If stung or pursued, leave the area, and immediately seek shelter in a car or enclosed space. Brush away bee stingers with your fingernail (don’t squeeze), and use a cold compress and elevation to reduce swelling.

Related Posts


Waterproofing with Fabric Wax

With NOAA meteorologists predicting heavy rain in the southern U.S. this winter due to El Niño, now is the time to start thinking hard about weatherproofing your gear. You could go out and drop big bucks on high-tech synthetic fabrics, or you could consider a time-tested (and much cheaper) alternative method: fabric wax. Fabric wax has been used by sailors and outdoorsmen for centuries, allowing ordinary garments to keep you dry in harsh conditions.

Historically, grease, animal fat, and fish oil have all been used for waterproofing, but unless you want to smell like you’ve been rolling in a dumpster, wax is the best option. Fabric wax can be purchased from a number of online retailers, and is simple to apply to cotton, canvas, wool, and other materials. Just heat the fabric, apply the wax, rub with your fingers to spread evenly, reheat once more, and allow to cure for 24 hours.

For a step-by-step guide on waxing fabric, check out this article from The Art of Manliness.


Video: Canning 101

In this modern age of high-tech food preservation, GMOs, and refrigerated transport infrastructure, we’ve distanced ourselves from food growth and decay. When you can go to any grocery store and browse through fresh, ripe produce all year long, it’s easy to think that this system will last forever. However, in the event of a major disaster, the food shipments will inevitably grind to a halt and the produce on shelves will spoil within days.

That said, there is a solution to preserving produce that has been practiced for centuries—canning. There are two types of canning every survivalist should know: water bath canning and pressure canning.

Water bath canning is used for acidic foods with a pH less than or equal to 4.6. This acidic pH helps to naturally prevent the growth of deadly botulism spores over time. Examples of foods that could be canned with the water bath method include pickles, peaches, melons, figs, tomatoes, and much more. If, upon using pH test strips, the food’s pH is found to be greater than 4.6, acid such as citrus juice or vinegar may be added to reach an acceptable level. Here’s a helpful video on the basics of water bath canning:

The second method of canning, pressure canning, is used to preserve foods with a less acidic pH of 4.7 or greater. This includes soups, stocks, stews, meat, poultry and seafood. Foods that mix high-acid items with low-acid items (like stews) should also be canned with this method. If there’s any question about the food’s pH level, test it with a strip before canning, or you could unknowingly be preserving live bacteria. Here’s how to can four different kinds of meats:

Using these two canning methods and some simple equipment, it’s easy to stock up on healthy food now, and have it ready to eat for years to come. Just don’t rely on picking up what you need at the grocery store, because in a disaster, it could all be gone before you know it.


Light Up the Night

Whether you’ve got a truck, Jeep, ATV, motorcycle, or even a boat, visibility is essential to navigating at night. And when it comes to illumination, LEDs are king—they’re compact, efficient, durable, and produce immense amounts of crystal clear light. It’s no wonder we’re seeing more and more old halogen bulbs going the way of the dodo, and being replaced by LEDs.

KC LED Flex Light 3

KC LED Flex Light 1

KC LED Flex Light 2

KC Hilites just released a new light system that takes vehicle LED lighting to the next level: FLEX LED. The FLEX LED system is designed to be modular, allowing the individual light pods to be linked and stacked in numerous combinations. So, rather than buying fixed LED light bars in every size or shape you need, you can simply buy a set of FLEX LED pods and link them into arrays. If you decide to change your setup later, they’re simple to disconnect and rearrange. These lights are also designed to handle harsh endurance racing environments and backed by a 23-year warranty, so they’re built to last.

For more information, visit the KC FLEX LED web site.


5 Running DOs and DON’Ts

At face value, running seems deceptively simple. Just put one foot in front of the other—anyone can do it, right? Well, yes and no. In a survival scenario, you may have to run long distances without becoming exhausted, or sprint short distances without injuring yourself. Therefore, knowing and practicing proper running form is a wise choice.

In this video, we hear five running tips from Daniel Lieberman, a Harvard biology professor whose studies formed the foundation for best-selling book Born to Run. Even if you have no prior running experience, these tips are easy to understand and implement. If you ever need to literally run for your life, you’d better hope you have good form.

Professor Lieberman makes a good point: running properly is not an overnight process. It takes practice, so get out there and give it a shot!